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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Natural History: An International Journal of Systematics and General Biology >Two heads are better than one: False head allows Calycopis cecrops (Lycaenidae) to escape predation by a Jumping Spider, Phidippus pulcherrimus (Salticidae)
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Two heads are better than one: False head allows Calycopis cecrops (Lycaenidae) to escape predation by a Jumping Spider, Phidippus pulcherrimus (Salticidae)

机译：有两个脑袋比一个脑袋好：虚假的脑袋可使花萼天狼星（Lycaenidae）逃脱跳蛛蜘蛛（Pidippus pulcherrimus（Salticidae）的掠食。

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摘要

The deflection of attack from vital organs to the wing margin is regarded as an important adaptation in hairstreak butterflies. However, this "lose-little-to-save-much" strategy akin to the detachable lizard's tail had never been tested experimentally. The present study tests the "false head" hypothesis by exposing a hairstreak butterfly, Calycopis cecrops, as well as many other Lepidoptera species as controls, to the attacks of the jumping spider, Phidippus pulcherrimus. The results unambiguously indicate that the "false head" is a very efficient strategy in deflecting attacks from the vital centres of the hairstreak butterfly whereas other similar-sized Lepidoptera fall easy prey. Predator fatigue resulting from unsuccessful attacks was also observed, suggesting that jumping spiders can learn to avoid attacking prey they cannot capture, which would increase the efficiency of the "false head" as a defensive mechanism.
机译：从重要器官到机翼边缘的攻击偏转被认为是蝶纹蝴蝶的重要适应。但是，这种类似于“可减轻的节省很多”的策略从未经过实验测试。本研究通过将蝶翅蝴蝶，花萼头孢菌以及许多其他鳞翅目物种作为对照，来测试“假头”假说，以防跳蛛Phidippus pulcherrimus的攻击。结果清楚地表明，“假头”是一种非常有效的策略，可以使发翅蝶重要中心的攻击发生偏转，而其他类似大小的鳞翅目则容易成为猎物。还观察到攻击未成功导致的捕食者疲劳，这表明跳跃的蜘蛛可以学会避免攻击无法捕获的猎物，这将提高“假头”作为防御机制的效率。

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