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首页> 外文期刊>The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience >When the medial prefrontal cortex fails: implications for extinction and posttraumatic stress disorder treatment.
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When the medial prefrontal cortex fails: implications for extinction and posttraumatic stress disorder treatment.

机译：当内侧前额叶皮层衰竭时：对灭绝和创伤后应激障碍治疗的意义。

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摘要

Anxiety disorders such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are characterized by a failure to inhibit maladaptive affective and visceral responses associated with environmental stimuli. One of the best-studied examples of this adaptive learning is fear extinction. In extinction, reexposure to a cue or context that was previously associated with a fear- or anxiety-provoking event results in the formation of a new inhibitory extinction memory between the cue and the outcome or response.Current treatments for many anxiety disorders, including PTSD, capitalize on extinction or exposure-based therapies to decrease the powerful control that fear-associated environmental stimuli exert over behavior. Preclinical studies of various procedural factors (e.g., strength, frequency, and duration of extinction) and the neurobiological underpinnings of extinction memory formation are beginning to provide insight into ways to augment extinction-based therapies in the clinic (Myers and Davis, 2007). The timing of extinction training relative to initial memory acquisition is one such factor, and several studies have indicated that training administered immediately after acquisition results in less persistent suppression of the fear response than does extinction training after a longer delay, both in rodents and humans (e.g., Woods and Bouton, 2008; Huff et al, 2009).
机译：诸如创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）等焦虑症的特征在于无法抑制与环境刺激相关的适应不良的情感和内脏反应。关于这种适应性学习的研究最多的例子之一是恐惧消灭。在灭绝中，再次暴露于先前与引起恐惧或焦虑的事件有关的线索或背景会导致线索与结果或反应之间形成新的抑制性灭绝记忆。许多焦虑症（包括PTSD）的当前治疗方法，利用灭绝或基于暴露的疗法来减少与恐惧相关的环境刺激对行为施加的有力控制。对各种程序性因素（例如，灭绝的强度，频率和持续时间）以及灭绝记忆形成的神经生物学基础进行的临床前研究开始提供有关在临床中增强基于灭绝疗法的方法的见识（Myers和Davis，2007）。相对于初始记忆获得的灭绝训练的时机就是这样的一个因素，并且几项研究表明，在啮齿类动物和人类中，与获得更长的延迟之后的灭绝训练相比，获得后立即进行的训练对恐惧反应的持久抑制作用要小一些（例如Woods和Bouton，2008; Huff等，2009）。

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