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首页> 外文期刊>Current opinion in lipidology >Novel benefits of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors on cardiovascular risk
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Novel benefits of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors on cardiovascular risk

机译：过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体对心血管疾病的新益处

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Purpose of review This review provides an overview of newly described mechanisms by which peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptors (PPARs) (α, γ, and σ) regulate several factors associated with cardiovascular risk. Recent findings PPAR agonists have known effects on plasma lipoprotein levels, inflammation, and insulin resistance all of which influence the risk of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies provide more detail regarding the mechanisms behind these changes. PPAR-α activation in the enterocyte on HDL and chylomicron formation. PPAR-γ agonists reduce inflammation, in part, through direct effects on adipocytes and regulatory T cells within visceral adipose. PPAR-σ also has a relatively high expression in the macrophage. Incubation of macrophages with PPAR-d agonists was shown to inhibit foam cell formation induced excessive levels of VLDL remnants. Summary Treatments that activate PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, and PPAR-σ alone or in combination have the potential to reduce cardiovascular risk although multiple independent mechanisms. Treatment with PPAR agonists can reduce the burden of atherogenic postprandial lipoproteins and improve vascular function, reduce inflammation and inhibit foam cell formation. All of these would be expected to have favorable effects on cardiovascular risk. The challenge remains to develop compounds that maximize these potential cardiovascular benefits while minimizing undesirable effects of these compounds.
机译：综述的目的本综述概述了新近描述的机制，过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）（α，γ和σ）通过这些机制调节与心血管疾病风险相关的多种因素。最新发现PPAR激动剂对血浆脂蛋白水平，炎症和胰岛素抵抗具有已知作用，所有这些都会影响心血管疾病的风险。最近的研究提供了有关这些更改背后的机制的更多详细信息。 PPAR-α在HDL和乳糜微粒形成上的肠上皮细胞活化。 PPAR-γ激动剂部分通过对内脏脂肪内的脂肪细胞和调节性T细胞的直接作用来减轻炎症。 PPAR-σ在巨噬细胞中也具有相对较高的表达。用PPAR-d激动剂孵育巨噬细胞可抑制泡沫细胞形成，诱导过量的VLDL残留物。总结尽管有多种独立的机制，单独或联合激活PPAR-α，PPAR-γ和PPAR-σ的疗法有降低心血管疾病风险的潜力。使用PPAR激动剂进行治疗可以减轻动脉粥样硬化后餐后脂蛋白的负担，并改善血管功能，减少炎症并抑制泡沫细胞的形成。所有这些都有望对心血管风险产生有利影响。开发能够最大程度地发挥这些潜在心血管益处，同时又将这些化合物的不良影响降至最低的化合物仍然是挑战。

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