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首页> 外文期刊>Chronobiology international >Thermoregulatory effects of melatonin in relation to sleepiness
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Thermoregulatory effects of melatonin in relation to sleepiness

机译：褪黑激素对嗜睡的体温调节作用

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Thermoregulatory processes have long been implicated in the initiation of human sleep. In this paper, we review our own studies conducted over the last decade showing a crucial role for melatonin as a mediator between the thermoregulatory and arousal system in humans. Distal heat loss, via increased skin temperature, seems to be intimately coupled with increased sleepiness and sleep induction. Exogenous melatonin administration during the day when melatonin is essentially absent mimics the endogenous thermophysiological processes occurring in the evening and induces sleepiness. Using a cold thermic challenge test, it was shown that melatonin-induced sleepiness occurs in parallel with reduction in the thermoregulatory set-point (threshold); thus, melatonin may act as a circadian modulator of the thermoregulatory set-point. In addition, an orthostatic challenge can partially block the melatonin-induced effects, suggesting an important role of the sympathetic nervous system as a link between the thermoregulatory and arousal systems. A topographical analysis of finger skin temperature with infrared thermometry revealed that the most distal parts of the fingers, i.e. , fingertips, represent the important skin regions for heat loss regulation, most probably via opening the arteriovenous anastomoses, and this is clearly potentiated by melatonin. Taken together, melatonin is involved in the fine-tuning of vascular tone in selective vascular beds, as circulating melatonin levels rise and fall throughout the night. Besides the role of melatonin as "nature's soporific", it can also serve as nature's nocturnal vascular modulator.
机译：长期以来，温度调节过程与人类睡眠的开始有关。在本文中，我们回顾了自己在过去十年中进行的研究，这些研究表明褪黑激素在人类温度调节和唤醒系统之间起着至关重要的作用。皮肤温度升高导致的远处热量流失似乎与嗜睡和睡眠诱导增加密切相关。在基本上不存在褪黑激素的白天，外源性褪黑激素的给药模拟了晚上发生的内源性热生理过程，并诱发了嗜睡。使用冷热挑战试验表明，褪黑激素诱导的嗜睡与体温调节设定点（阈值）的降低同时发生。因此，褪黑激素可以作为温度调节设定点的昼夜调节剂。另外，体位性挑战可以部分阻断褪黑激素诱导的作用，表明交感神经系统作为温度调节和唤醒系统之间的联系具有重要作用。用红外测温法对手指皮肤温度进行的地形分析表明，手指的最远端（即指尖）代表了调节热量散失的重要皮肤区域，很可能是通过打开动静脉吻合来实现的，而褪黑激素显然可以增强这一作用。综上所述，褪黑激素参与了选择性血管床中血管紧张度的微调，因为循环褪黑激素水平会在一整夜中升高和降低。褪黑素除了具有“自然的孢子”的作用外，还可以作为自然的夜间血管调节剂。

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