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首页> 外文期刊>Biofuels, bioproducts & biorefining: Biofpr >Use of linear programming to -optimize the social, -environmental, and economic impacts of using woody feedstocks for pellet and -torrefied pellet production
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Use of linear programming to -optimize the social, -environmental, and economic impacts of using woody feedstocks for pellet and -torrefied pellet production

机译：使用线性规划 - 优化社会， - 使用木质原料对颗粒和橄榄球生产的影响和经济影响

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Linear programming was used to optimize the economic, environmental, and social impacts of forest biomass used for bioenergy production. Sixteen scenarios (combinations of feedstocks, products, markets, and end use) were studied. Two feedstocks (roundwood and wood residues), two densified bioenergy products (white pellet, torrefied pellet), two markets (domestic, international), and two end uses (power generation, district heating) were evaluated. The social, environmental, and economic sustainability attributes were quantified and monetized using peer-reviewed literature to analyze the trade-offs. Using the economic criteria alone, the model showed that the best solution was use of 70% roundwood and 30% forest residue feedstock to produce torrefied pellets (TP) sold for district heating in the EU. The model predicts $5.4 million annual profit which is driven by the use of lower cost forest residue feedstocks, and relatively higher prices for the heating market in the EU. Inclusion of all three sustainability attributes led to a different optimized solution. TP produced from roundwood and sold to the EU market for heating was the optimum, due to the social benefits derived from increased local income to landowners and reduced shipping costs. It also had added benefits of reductions in emissions across the transportation system on an energy basis. TP consistently had higher social benefits than WP due to the need for more biomass per unit of final product, and providing more local jobs and income from feedstock production. The increasing costs of carbon emissions increased the environmental benefits of TP compared to WP or coal. (c) 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
机译：线性规划用于优化用于生物能源生产的森林生物量的经济，环境和社会影响。研究了十六个情景（原料，产品，市场和最终使用的组合）。两种原料（圆木和木材残留物），两种致密的生物能量产品（白色颗粒，雾化颗粒），两次市场（国内，国际）和两端使用（发电，区供暖）进行了评估。使用同行评审文献量化和货币化的社会，环境和经济可持续性属性来分析权衡。单独使用经济标准，该模型表明，最佳解决方案是使用70％圆木和30％的森林残留原料，以生产用于欧盟的区供暖销售的萎缩颗粒（TP）。该模型预测了540万美元的年度利润，这些利润由低成本森林残留原料的使用以及欧盟供暖市场的价格相对较高。包含所有三个可持续性属性导致了不同的优化解决方案。由圆木生产并销往欧盟供暖市场的TP是最佳的，因为由于对土地所有者的局部收入增加和运费减少了运费而导致的社会效益。它还在能源基础上增加了交通系统排放减少的好处。由于每单位最终产品的更多生物量，TP始终如一的社会福利，而不是WP，并提供更多的当地工作和来自原料生产的收入。与WP或煤相比，碳排放成本的增加提高了TP的环境益处。 （c）2016化学工业协会和约翰瓦里和儿子有限公司

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