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首页> 外文期刊>Annual review of cell and developmental biology >Structural Biology of RNA Polymerase II Transcription: 20 Years On
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Structural Biology of RNA Polymerase II Transcription: 20 Years On

机译:RNA聚合酶II转录的结构生物学:20年

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Gene transcription by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) is the first step in the expression of the eukaryotic genome and a focal point for cellular regulation during development, differentiation, and responses to the environment. Two decades after the determination of the structure of Pol II, the mechanisms of transcription have been elucidated with studies of Pol II complexes with nucleic acids and associated proteins. Here we provide an overview of the nearly 200 available Pol II complex structures and summarize how these structures have elucidated promoter-dependent transcription initiation, promoter-proximal pausing and release of Pol II into active elongation, and the mechanisms that Pol II uses to navigate obstacles such as nucleosomes and DNA lesions. We predict that future studies will focus on how Pol II transcription is interconnected with chromatin transitions, RNA processing, and DNA repair.
机译:RNA聚合酶II(POL II)的基因转录是在开发,分化和对环境的反应期间表达真核基因组和细胞调节焦点的第一步。 在测定Pol II的结构后二十年,已阐明了用核酸和相关蛋白质的Pol II复合物的研究阐明的转录机制。 在这里,我们提供了近200种可用的POL II复杂结构的概述,并总结了这些结构如何阐明依赖于启动子依赖的转录起始,启动子 - 近端止血和POL II的释放,以及POL II用于导航障碍的机制 如核科和DNA病变。 我们预测未来的研究将专注于Pol II转录如何与染色质转变,RNA处理和DNA修复相互联系。

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