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首页> 外文期刊>Annual review of cell and developmental biology >Writing, Reading, and Translating the Clustered Protocadherin Cell Surface Recognition Code for Neural Circuit Assembly
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Writing, Reading, and Translating the Clustered Protocadherin Cell Surface Recognition Code for Neural Circuit Assembly

机译：写作，阅读和翻译神经电路组件的聚类protocadherin细胞表面识别码

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摘要

The ability of neurites of individual neurons to distinguish between themselves and neurites from other neurons and to avoid self (self-avoidance) plays a key role in neural circuit assembly in both invertebrates and vertebrates. Similarly, when individual neurons of the same type project into receptive fields of the brain, they must avoid each other to maximize target coverage (tiling). Counterintuitively, these processes are driven by highly specific homophilic interactions between cell surface proteins that lead to neurite repulsion rather than adhesion. Among these proteins in vertebrates are the clustered protocadherins (Pcdhs), and key to their function is the generation of enormous cell surface structural diversity. Here we review recent advances in understanding how a Pcdh cell surface code is generated by stochastic promoter choice; how this code is amplified and read by homophilic interactions between Pcdh complexes at the surface of neurons; and, finally, how the Pcdh code is translated to cellular function, which mediates self-avoidance and tiling and thus plays a central role in the development of complex neural circuits. Not surprisingly, Pcdh mutations that diminish homophilic interactions lead to wiring defects and abnormal behavior in mice, and sequence variants in the Pcdh gene cluster are associated with autism spectrum disorders in family-based genetic studies in humans.
机译：单个神经元的神经癖与其他神经元分开的神经癖者和神经癖者的能力和避免自我（自我避免）在无脊椎动物和脊椎动物中的神经电路组件中起着关键作用。类似地，当相同类型的单个神经元投入大脑的接受领域时，它们必须避免彼此以最大化目标覆盖率（平铺）。违反直接性地，这些过程是由细胞表面蛋白质之间的高度特异性同性恋相互作用驱动，导致神经沸石排斥而不是粘附。在脊椎动物中的这些蛋白质中是聚集的原子面（PCDH），其功能的关键是产生巨大的细胞表面结构分集。在这里，我们审查了解了解PCDH细胞表面代码如何由随机启动子选择产生的近期进展;如何在神经元表面的PCDH复合物之间的同性恋相互作用进行扩增和读取;最后，PCDH代码如何转化为蜂窝功能，该功能调解自我避免和平铺，从而在复杂神经电路的发展中起着核心作用。毫不奇怪地，减少同性恋相互作用的PCDH突变导致小鼠的缺陷和异常行为，PCDH基因簇中的序列变体与自闭症谱系统的人类遗传学研究中的自闭症谱系统相关。

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