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首页> 外文期刊>Pure and Applied Geophysics >Modelling Orthorhombic Anisotropic Effects for Reservoir Fracture Characterization of a Naturally Fractured Tight Carbonate Reservoir, Onshore Texas, USA
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Modelling Orthorhombic Anisotropic Effects for Reservoir Fracture Characterization of a Naturally Fractured Tight Carbonate Reservoir, Onshore Texas, USA

机译：建模正交骨质骨折岩浆骨折特征天然骨折碳酸盐岩储层，美国陆上德克萨斯州

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AbstractIn this study we present a step-by-step theoretical modelling approach, using established seismic wave propagation theories in anisotropic media, to generate unique anisotropic reflection patterns observed from three-dimensional pure-mode pressure (3D-PP), full-azimuth and full-offset seismic reflection data acquired over a naturally fractured tight carbonate field, onshore Texas, USA. Our aim is to gain an insight into the internal structures of the carbonate reservoir responsible for the observed anisotropic reflection patterns. From the generated model we were able to establish that the observed field seismic reflection patterns indicate azimuthal anisotropy in the form of crack induced shear-wave splitting and variation in P-wave velocity with offset and azimuth. Amplitude variation with azimuth (AVAZ) analysis also confirmed multi-crack sets induced anisotropy which is characteristic of orthorhombic symmetry, evident as multiple bright and dim-amplitude azimuth directions as well as complete reversal of bright-amplitude to dim-amplitude azimuth direction as the angle of incidence increases from near (≤15°) to mid (≥30°) offsets. Finally, we fitted the generated P-wave velocity into an?ellipse to determine the intensity and orientation (N26E) of the open crack set as well as the direction of the minimum in situ stress axis (N116E) within the reservoir. The derived information served as an?aid for the design of horizontal well paths that would intercept open fractures and ensure production optimization of the carbonate reservoir, which was on production decline despite reservoir studies that indicate un-depleted reserves.
机译：<标题>抽象 ara id =“par1”>在本研究中我们介绍了一种逐步的理论建模方法，在各向异性介质中使用建立的地震波传播理论，产生从三个观察到的独特的各向异性反射模式 - 通过天然破碎的紧密碳酸盐田，美国陆上德克萨斯州自然骨折的紧密碳酸盐田获得，全方方纯模压（3D-PP），全方位角和全偏移地震反射数据。我们的宗旨是深入了解碳酸盐储层的内部结构，负责观察到的各向异性反射模式。从所生成的模型中，我们能够确定观察到的场地震反射模式表示裂缝诱导剪切波分裂形式的方位角各向异性，以及具有偏移和方位角的P波速度的变化。具有方位角（AVAZ）分析的幅度变化还确认了多裂纹诱导的各向异性，其是正交对称的特征，明显为多个明亮和暗幅方位角方向，以及完全反转的亮度幅度为DIM幅度方位方向入射角从接近（≤15°）到中间（≥30°）的偏移增加。最后，我们将产生的P波速度置于椭圆中以确定开口裂纹组的强度和取向（N26E）以及储存器内的原位应力轴（N116e）的最小值的方向。派生信息作为一个？援助水平井道的设计，这些路径将拦截开放性骨折，并确保碳酸盐储层的生产优化，尽管水库研究表明未耗尽的储备。

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