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Rodent models for compulsive alcohol intake

机译：强迫性饮酒的啮齿动物模型

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Continued seeking and drinking of alcohol despite adverse legal, health, economic, and societal consequences is a central hallmark of human alcohol use disorders. This compulsive drive for alcohol, defined by resistance to adverse and deleterious consequences, represents a major challenge when attempting to treat alcoholism clinically. Thus, there has long been interest in developing pre-clinical rodent models for the compulsive drug use that characterizes drug addiction. Here, we review recent studies that have attempted to model compulsive aspects of alcohol and cocaine intake in rodents, and consider technical and conceptual issues that need to be addressed when trying to recapitulate compulsive aspects of human addiction. Aversion-resistant alcohol intake has been examined by pairing intake or seeking with the bitter tastant quinine or with footshock, and exciting recent work has used these models to identify neuroadaptations in the amygdala, cortex, and striatal regions that promote compulsive intake. Thus, rodent models do seem to reflect important aspects of compulsive drives that sustain human addiction, and will likely provide critical insights into the molecular and circuit underpinnings of aversion-resistant intake as well as novel therapeutic interventions for compulsive aspects of addiction.
机译：尽管有不利的法律，健康，经济和社会后果，但继续寻求和饮酒是人类饮酒障碍的中心标志。这种对酒精的强迫性驱使，定义为对不良和有害后果的抵抗力，在尝试临床治疗酒精中毒时是一项重大挑战。因此，长期以来人们一直在开发针对强迫性药物使用的临床前啮齿动物模型，该模型表征了药物成瘾。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究试图对啮齿动物酒精和可卡因摄入的强迫方面进行建模，并考虑了当试图概括人类成瘾的强迫方面时需要解决的技术和概念问题。耐厌食酒精的摄入量已通过配对摄入量或与苦味奎宁奎宁或足底休克相匹配的方法进行了检查，最近的激动人心的工作已使用这些模型来识别杏仁核，皮质和纹状体区域中促进强迫性摄入的神经适应。因此，啮齿动物模型似乎确实反映了维持人类成瘾的强迫性驱动的重要方面，并且可能会提供对厌恶性摄入的分子和回路基础以及成瘾的强迫性方面的新型治疗干预的重要见解。

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