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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of neuroendocrinology >Localization and physiological regulation of the exocytosis protein SNAP-25 in the brain and pituitary gland of Xenopus laevis.
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Localization and physiological regulation of the exocytosis protein SNAP-25 in the brain and pituitary gland of Xenopus laevis.

机译：Xenopus Laevis脑和垂体腺体中胞菌蛋白捕获蛋白捕获25的本地化和生理调节。

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In mammals, the synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kDa, SNAP-25, is generally thought to play a role in synaptic exocytosis of neuronal messengers. Using a polyclonal antiserum against rat SNAP-25, we have shown the presence of a SNAP-25-like protein in the brain of the South-African clawed toad Xenopus laevis by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Xenopus SNAP-25 is ubiquitously present throughout the brain, where its distribution in various identified neuronal perikarya and axon tracts is described. Western blot analysis and immunocytochemistry also demonstrated the presence of SNAP-25 in the neural, intermediate and distal lobes of the pituitary gland. Intensity line plots of confocal laser scanning microscope images of isolated melanotropes indicated that SNAP-25 is produced and processed in the rough endoplasmatic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, and is associated with the plasma membrane. Immunoelectron microscopy substantiated the idea that SNAP-25 is present in the plasma membrane but also showed a close association of SNAP-25 with the bounding membrane of peptide-containing secretory granules in both the neurohemal axon terminals in the neural lobe and the endocrine melanotropes in the intermediate lobe. Quantitative Western blotting revealed that adapting Xenopus to a dark background has a clear stimulatory effect on the expression of SNAP-25 in the neural lobe and in the melanotrope cells. This background light intensity-dependent stimulation of SNAP-25 expression was confirmed by the demonstration of increased immunofluorescence recorded by confocal laser scanning microscopy of individual melanotropes of black background-adapted toads. On the basis of this study on Xenopus laevis, we conclude that SNAP-25 (i) plays a substantial role in the secretion of a wide variety of neuronal messengers; (ii) functions in the central nervous system but also in neurohormonal and endocrine systems; (iii) acts at the plasma membrane but possibly also at the membrane of synaptic vesicles and peptide-containing secretory granules; (iv) acts not only locally (as in synapses), but at various sites of the plasma membrane (as in the endocrine melanotrope cell); and (v) can be upregulated in its expression by physiological stimuli that increase the extent of the molecular machinery involved in exocytosis.
机译：在哺乳动物中，通常认为在神经元信使突触外毒性中发挥作用的突触体相关蛋白。通过对阵大鼠捕获量25的多克隆抗血清，我们已经通过Western印迹和免疫细胞化学显示了南非爪蟾蜍Xenopus Laevis的脑中的卡扣-25样蛋白的存在。 Xenopus Snap-25在整个大脑中普遍存在，其中描述了各种鉴定的神经元脑大麻和轴突束的分布。 Western印迹分析和免疫细胞化学还证明了垂体，中间体和远端裂片中的Snap-25存在。分离的丝体扫描的共聚焦激光扫描显微镜图像的强度线图表明，在粗糙的内质网和高尔基装置中产生并加工并加工并加工，并且与质膜相关。免疫电解显微镜证实了卡扣-25存在于质膜中的概念，但也显示出捕获膜的封闭膜的紧密关系，其中神经瓣和内分泌素瘤中的神经内轴突末端中的含肽的分泌颗粒中的界定膜中间叶。定量Western印迹显示，将外爪调整为暗背景具有明显的刺激作用对神经叶片和素质化细胞中的卡扣-25的表达。通过对黑色背景适应蟾蜍的单个素质扫描显微镜记录的增加的免疫荧光证明，确认了对快速强度依赖性刺激的SNAP-25表达的刺激。在Xenopus Laevis的研究的基础上，我们得出结论，Snap-25（i）在各种神经元信使的分泌中起着重要作用; （ii）中枢神经系统中的功能，但也在神经异常和内分泌系统中; （iii）在血浆膜上起作用，但也可能在突触囊泡和含肽的分泌颗粒的膜上; （iv）不仅在局部地（如突触），而且在血浆膜的各个位点（如在内分泌素素细胞中）; （v）可以通过生理刺激在其表达中上调，这些生理刺激可以增加卵尿量中涉及的分子机械的程度。

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