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Supplements for Diabetes Mellitus: A Review of the Literature

机译：糖尿病糖尿病补充剂：对文献的综述

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摘要

The primary approach to controlling diabetes involves diet and lifestyle modification combined with pharmacologic interventions. Patients who are interested in exploring dietary supplements in the management of diabetes may have questions about which supplement to choose and whether any issues will arise with their current medication regimen. After reading this review, the pharmacist should be able to identify supplements that may provide benefit to improve diabetes management, understand what potential harm to the patient may occur, and be able to assist the patient in choosing high-quality supplements. This review will focus on the safety and efficacy data surrounding nicotinamide, ginseng, fenugreek, vitamin D, chromium, and cinnamon. These supplements are commonly listed in general circulation periodicals with claims to improve blood sugar management. Efficacy data showed a modest decrease in fasting plasma glucose of -0.96 mmol/dL (- 17.29 mg/dL) for fenugreek and -24.59 mg/dL for cinnamon. It remains to be seen whether supplementation with these products can affect outcomes such as morbidity and mortality. Despite many studies being available, the majority lack uniformity across multiple dimensions, including varying participant characteristics, inconsistent formulations of supplement and dose, and differing study durations. This, coupled with variation in quality and purity of commercially available products, prevents universal recommendation for use in diabetes management.
机译：控制糖尿病的主要方法包括饮食和生活方式改性与药理学干预结合。有兴趣在糖尿病管理中探索膳食补充剂的患者可能有疑问，这些补充剂可以选择，以及是否会出现任何问题。阅读本综述后，药剂师应该能够识别可能提供有益改善糖尿病管理的补充剂，了解可能发生对患者的潜在伤害，并能够帮助患者选择高质量的补充剂。本综述将专注于周围烟酰胺，人参，葫芦巴，维生素D，铬和肉桂的安全性和疗效数据。这些补充剂通常在一般的循环期刊中列出了提出改善血糖管理的循环期刊。功效数据显示肉桂凝聚的 - 0.96mmol / DL（ - 17.29mg / dl）的空腹血浆葡萄糖的适度降低，肉桂的-24.59mg / dl。仍有待补充这些产品可以影响发病率和死亡率等结果。尽管有很多研究，但大多数缺乏多维缺乏均匀性，包括不同的参与者特征，不一致的补充剂和剂量配方，以及不同的研究持续时间。这加上市售产品质量和纯度的变化，可防止普遍推荐用于糖尿病管理。

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