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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Development Economics >The social lives of married women: Peer effects in female autonomy and investments in children
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The social lives of married women: Peer effects in female autonomy and investments in children

机译：已婚妇女的社会生活：对女性自主权和儿童投资的同伴效应

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In patriarchal societies, sticky norms affect married women's social circles, their autonomy, and the outcomes of intra-household bargaining. This paper uses primary data on women's social networks in Uttarakhand, India; the modal woman has only three friends, and over 80 percent do not have any friends of another caste. This paper examines the effect of a shock to friends' empowerment on a woman's autonomy, specifically physical mobility, access to social safety nets, and employment outside the household; perceived social norms; and an outcome of household bargaining: investments in her children. The analysis instruments for endogenous network formation using a woman's age and her caste network in the village. The key peer effect is the impact of having a friend who received an empowerment shock on a woman who did not receive that shock. The results show significant peer effects on only a few of the examined measures of women's autonomy. In contrast, peer effects exist on all considered outcomes of a daughters' diet and time spent on chores. The findings suggest a large decay rate between effects on own empowerment and peer effects. Interventions targeting child welfare through women's empowerment may generate second-order effects on intra-household decision-making, albeit with substantial decay rates, and thus benefit from targeted rather than randomized rollout. In contrast, interventions on gender roles and women's autonomy may be limited by the stickiness of social norms.
机译：在父权制的社会中，粘性规范影响了已婚妇女的社交界，自主权，以及家庭内议院的结果。本文使用了印度北方手中的妇女社交网络的主要数据;莫代尔妇女只有三个朋友，超过80％的人没有任何其他种姓的朋友。本文探讨了震动对朋友赋予妇女自主权，特别是体力流动，进入社会安全网的影响的影响，以及家庭之外的就业;感知社会规范;以及家庭讨价还价的结果：在她的孩子们投资。利用妇女年龄和村庄种姓网络的内源性网络形成分析仪器。关键的同伴效果是让一个朋友在没有收到这种震惊的女人上获得赋权的朋友的影响。结果表明，只有少数审查的妇女自主权措施表现出显着的同伴效应。相比之下，对同伴效应存在于所有被认为的女儿饮食和在琐事上花费的时间。调查结果表明，对自己赋权和同行效应的影响之间的衰减率很大。通过妇女赋权定位儿童福利的干预措施可能会对家庭内部决策产生二阶效应，尽管具有大量衰减率，因此从目标而不是随机的卷展览中受益。相比之下，性别角色和妇女自主权的干预可能受到社会规范的粘性的限制。

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