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首页> 外文期刊>Autism : >Iconicity influences how effectively minimally verbal children with autism and ability-matched typically developing children use pictures as symbols in a search task
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Iconicity influences how effectively minimally verbal children with autism and ability-matched typically developing children use pictures as symbols in a search task

机译：象似性会影响具有自闭症和能力匹配的最小口头语言儿童（通常会发展为儿童）在搜索任务中使用图片作为符号的效果

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摘要

Previous word learning studies suggest that children with autism spectrum disorder may have difficulty understanding pictorial symbols. Here we investigate the ability of children with autism spectrum disorder and language-matched typically developing children to contextualize symbolic information communicated by pictures in a search task that did not involve word learning. Out of the participant's view, a small toy was concealed underneath one of four unique occluders that were individuated by familiar nameable objects or unfamiliar unnamable objects. Children were shown a picture of the hiding location and then searched for the toy. Over three sessions, children completed trials with color photographs, black-and-white line drawings, and abstract color pictures. The results reveal zero group differences; neither children with autism spectrum disorder nor typically developing children were influenced by occluder familiarity, and both groups' errorless retrieval rates were above-chance with all three picture types. However, both groups made significantly more errorless retrievals in the most-iconic photograph trials, and performance was universally predicted by receptive language. Therefore, our findings indicate that children with autism spectrum disorder and young typically developing children can contextualize pictures and use them to adaptively guide their behavior in real time and space. However, this ability is significantly influenced by receptive language development and pictorial iconicity.
机译：先前的单词学习研究表明，自闭症谱系障碍儿童可能难以理解图形符号。在这里，我们研究了自闭症谱系障碍和语言匹配的典型儿童的能力，这些儿童在不涉及单词学习的搜索任务中将图片传达的符号信息进行情境化。在参与者的视野之外，一个小玩具被藏在四个独特的咬合器之一的下方，该咬合器由熟悉的可命名物体或陌生的不可命名物体分开。向孩子们展示了隐藏地点的照片，然后搜索了玩具。在三堂课中，孩子们用彩色照片，黑白线条画和抽象彩色图片完成了试验。结果显示零组差异;自闭症谱系障碍儿童和通常发育中的儿童均不受封堵器熟悉度的影响，并且在这三种图像类型中，两组的无误检索率均高于机会。但是，在最具讽刺意味的照片试验中，两组的无误检索都明显多了，并且表现普遍被接受语言所预测。因此，我们的发现表明，患有自闭症谱系障碍的儿童和年轻的典型发育中的儿童可以情境化图片，并使用它们来适应性地指导他们在实时和空间上的行为。但是，这种能力会受到接受性语言发展和图像象似性的显着影响。

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