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首页> 外文期刊>International archives of occupational and environmental health: Internationales Archiv fur Arbeits- und Umweltmedizin >A systematic review of job-specific workers' health surveillance activities for fire-fighting, ambulance, police and military personnel.
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A systematic review of job-specific workers' health surveillance activities for fire-fighting, ambulance, police and military personnel.

机译：系统地审查针对消防，救护车，警察和军事人员的针对特定岗位的工人健康监控活动。

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PURPOSE: Some occupations have tasks and activities that require monitoring safety and health aspects of the job; examples of such occupations are emergency services personnel and military personnel. The two objectives of this systematic review were to describe (1) the existing job-specific workers' health surveillance (WHS) activities and (2) the effectiveness of job-specific WHS interventions with respect to work functioning, for selected jobs. METHODS: The search strategy systematically searched the PubMed, PsycINFO and OSH-update databases. The search strategy consisted of several synonyms of the job titles of interest, combined with synonyms for workers' health surveillance. The methodological quality was checked. RESULTS: At least one study was found for each of the following occupations fire fighters, ambulance personnel, police personnel and military personnel. For the first objective, 24 studies described several job-specific WHS activities aimed at aspects of psychological, 'physical' (energetic, biomechanical and balance), sense-related, environmental exposure or cardiovascular requirements. The seven studies found for the second objective measured different outcomes related to work functioning. The methodological quality of the interventions varied, but with the exception of one study, all scored over 55% of the maximum score. Six studies showed effectiveness on at least some of the defined outcomes. The studies described several job-specific interventions: a trauma resilience training, healthy lifestyle promotion, physical readiness training, respiratory muscle training, endurance and resistance training, a physical exercise programme and comparing vaccines. CONCLUSIONS: Several examples of job-specific WHS activities were found for the four occupations. Compared to studies focusing on physical tasks, a few studies were found that focus on psychological tasks. Effectiveness studies for job-specific WHS interventions were scarce, although their results were promising. We recommend studying job-specific WHS in effectiveness studies.
机译：目的：某些职业的任务和活动需要监测工作的安全和健康方面;这种职业的例子是紧急服务人员和军事人员。该系统评价的两个目标是描述（1）现有针对特定工作的工人健康监控（WHS）活动，以及（2）针对特定工作的针对特定工作的针对工作的WHS干预措施的有效性。方法：该搜索策略系统地搜索了PubMed，PsycINFO和OSH更新数据库。搜索策略由感兴趣的职位的几种同义词组成，并结合了用于工人健康监控的同义词。检查了方法学质量。结果：对以下每个职业的消防员，救护人员，警察和军事人员至少进行了一项研究。对于第一个目标，有24项研究描述了一些针对职业的WHS活动，这些活动针对心理，“身体”（精力充沛，生物力学和平衡），与感觉相关，环境暴露或心血管需求等方面。为第二个目标发现的七项研究测量了与工作功能相关的不同结果。干预的方法学质量各不相同，但除一项研究外，所有评分均超过最高评分的55％。六项研究表明至少对某些已定义的结果有效。这项研究描述了几种针对特定工作的干预措施：创伤适应能力培训，健康生活方式的提升，身体准备培训，呼吸肌训练，耐力和抵抗力训练，体育锻炼计划以及比较疫苗。结论：发现了针对四个职业的针对特定职业的WHS活动的几个示例。与专注于身体任务的研究相比，发现一些专注于心理任务的研究。尽管针对特定工作的WHS干预措施的效果令人鼓舞，但仍缺乏有效性研究。我们建议在有效性研究中研究特定于工作的WHS。

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