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首页> 外文期刊>Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology >Pathophysiology and prevention of sudden cardiac death
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Pathophysiology and prevention of sudden cardiac death

机译：病理生理学和预防心源性猝死

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摘要

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is known to occur in individuals with diverse diseases. Each disease state has a specific etiology and pathophysiology, and is diagnosed and treated differently. Etiologies for SCD include cardiac arrhythmias, coronary artery disease, congenital coronary artery anomalies, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, dilated cardiomyopathy, and aortic valve stenosis. A potential unifying mechanism of SCD in these diseases involves a massive stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system's stress response and the subsequent elevation of circulating catecholamines. The diagnosis of cardiac diseases that contribute to an increased risk for SCD is accomplished by a combination of different techniques including electrocardiography, echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and invasive cardiac catheterization. Several therapies including anti-arrhythmic drugs, beta-blockers, and antiplatelet agents may be used as medical treatment in patients for the prevention of SCD. Invasive therapies including percutaneous angioplasty, coronary artery bypass surgery, and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators are also used in the clinical management of SCD.
机译：已知在患有多种疾病的个体中会发生心源性猝死（SCD）。每种疾病状态都有特定的病因和病理生理学，并且被不同地诊断和治疗。 SCD的病因包括心律不齐，冠状动脉疾病，先天性冠状动脉异常，肥厚性心肌病，致心律失常性右心室发育不良，扩张型心肌病和主动脉瓣狭窄。 SCD在这些疾病中的潜在统一机制涉及对交感神经系统的应激反应的大量刺激，以及随后循环儿茶酚胺的升高。有助于增加SCD风险的心脏病的诊断是通过多种技术的组合来完成的，这些技术包括心电图，超声心动图，磁共振成像和侵入性心脏导管检查。包括抗心律失常药，β受体阻滞剂和抗血小板药在内的几种疗法可被用作患者预防SCD的药物。侵入性疗法包括经皮血管成形术，冠状动脉搭桥术和可植入的心脏复律除颤器也用于SCD的临床管理中。

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