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Blackberry Breeding and Genetics

机译：黑莓的繁殖与遗传

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Blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) improvement has made substantial progress with over 400 cultivars named originating from wild selections to many releases from breeding efforts. Public breeding has been ongoing for over 100 years. The result of these improvements is commercial production for processing and fresh markets in a number of countries. There has been excellent progress made in improving several very important traits. Fruit quality has been and continues to be a high priority in breeding, with selection for improved processing quality along with enhanced postharvest handling potential for fresh market expansion. Fruit size has been advanced and a range of berry sizes from small to very large exist among released cultivars. A number of plant characters have been addressed, with thornlessness becoming more common in recent introductions. Likewise, enhanced yield potential, improved disease resistance, and improved cane management characteristics have been achieved. More recently,primocane fruiting has been incorporated into blackberry, expanding production options. Breeding has been done using classical breeding methodology, crossing complementary parents and selecting improved progeny. Research using molecular methods has beenlimited in blackberry, and has not contributed substantially to cultivar improvement. Although breeding efforts in blackberry are more limited than the major berry crops, a continuous supply of new cultivars should result from ongoing programs. These, along with previous cultivar developments, will contribute to an ever-increasing number of cultivar options resulting in an increased of production of this increasingly popular berry crop.
机译：黑莓（Rubus L. subusus Rubus Watson）的改良取得了实质性进展，有400多个品种来自野生选种，也有许多育种品种。公共育种已经进行了100多年。这些改进的结果是在许多国家进行了加工和新鲜市场的商业化生产。在改善几个非常重要的特征方面取得了卓越的进步。一直以来，水果品质一直是育种中的重中之重，选择提高加工质量以及增强采后处理潜力以扩大新鲜市场的选择。果实大小已经提高，并且已发布的栽培品种中浆果的大小从小到大都有。已经解决了许多植物特征，无刺在最近的介绍中变得更加普遍。同样，已经实现了提高的产量潜力，改善的抗病性和改善的甘蔗管理特性。最近，primocane结果已被纳入黑莓，扩大了生产选择。育种已使用经典育种方法完成，与互补亲本杂交并选择改良后代。在黑莓中，使用分子方法的研究受到了限制，并且对改良品种没有实质性的贡献。尽管黑莓的育种工作比主要的浆果作物更为有限，但正在进行的计划应能持续提供新品种。这些以及以前品种的发展，将为越来越多的品种选择做出贡献，从而导致这种越来越受欢迎的浆果作物的产量增加。

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