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Effect of diet on lignans and isoflavonoid phytoestrogens in chimpanzees.

机译：饮食对黑猩猩木脂素和异黄酮类植物雌激素的影响。

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Diphenolic compounds belonging to the classes of lignans and isoflavonoids have been identified in urine of man and animals, including the chimpanzee. Some of these compounds, formed by intestinal bacteria from plant lignans and phytoestrogens, have been shown in animal studies to exhibit biological activities that suggest they could function as cancer-protective compounds. The effect of diet on urinary excretion of these compounds in the adult male chimpanzee has been studied. It was found that the chimpanzees consuming their regular food excreted large amounts of the isoflavonoid phytoestrogens, equol (mean +/- SE) (127.5 +/- 34.0 nmol/mg cr.) and daidzein (20.7 +/- 9.0 nmol/mg cr.) and the lignan, enterolactone (14.1 + 3.5 nmol/mg cr.). Small amounts of the lignan, enterodiol, (0.4 +/- 0.2 nmol/mg cr.) were also excreted. On all other four test diets (high protein, high carbohydrate, high vegetable, and high fat), the excretion was less, particularly on a high fat diet where the excretion of all diphenolic compounds was reduced by more than 90% to a level observed in omnivorous human subjects or women with breast cancer. These results suggest that diet profoundly influences the excretion of both animal lignans and phytoestrogens in urine. Because non-human primates are particularly resistant to mammary and genital carcinoma on estrogen treatment, the present data suggest that the very high levels of phytoestrogens and lignans as found during exposure to the regular diet may partially account for why these primates are so resistant to hormonal manipulations to induce cancer.
机译：已经在包括黑猩猩在内的人类和动物的尿液中鉴定出属于木脂素和异黄酮类的双酚类化合物。这些化合物中的一些是由植物木脂素和植物雌激素的肠道细菌形成的，在动物研究中已经显示出其生物活性，表明它们可以充当癌症保护化合物。研究了饮食对成年雄性黑猩猩尿液中这些化合物排泄的影响。发现食用常规食物的黑猩猩会排泄大量异黄酮类植物雌激素，雌马酚（平均值+/- SE）（127.5 +/- 34.0 nmol / mg cr。）和黄豆苷元（20.7 +/- 9.0 nmol / mg cr。 ）和木脂素肠内酯（14.1 + 3.5 nmol / mg cr。）。少量的木脂素，肠二醇（0.4 +/- 0.2 nmol / mg cr。）也被排出。在所有其他四种测试饮食（高蛋白，高碳水化合物，高蔬菜和高脂肪）上，排泄物减少，特别是在高脂肪饮食中，所有双酚类化合物的排泄物减少了90％以上，达到观察到的水平在杂食性人类受试者或患有乳腺癌的女性中。这些结果表明饮食对尿液中动物木脂素和植物雌激素的排泄有深远的影响。由于非人类的灵长类动物在雌激素治疗中对乳腺和生殖器癌特别有抵抗力，因此目前的数据表明，暴露于常规饮食期间发现的很高水平的植物雌激素和木脂素可能部分解释了这些灵长类动物为何对激素具有如此的抗性诱发癌症的操作。

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