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首页> 外文期刊>Biological Theory: integrating development, evolution & cognition >The Causality Horizon and the Developmental Bases of Morphological Evolution
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The Causality Horizon and the Developmental Bases of Morphological Evolution

机译：形态演化的因果视野和发展基础

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With the advent of evolutionary developmental research, or EvoDevo, there is hope of discovering the roles that the genetic bases of development play in morphological evolution. Studies in EvoDevo span several levels of organismal organization. Low-level studies identify the ultimate genetic changes responsible for morphological variation and diversity. High-level studies of development focus on how genetic differences affect the dynamics of gene networks and epigenetic interactions to modify morphology. Whereas an increasing number of studies link independent acquisition of homoplastic or convergent morphologies to similar changes in the genomes, homoplasies are not always found to have identical low-level genetic underpinnings. This suggests thata combination of low- and high-level approaches may be useful in understanding the relationship between genetic and morphological variation. Therefore, as an empirical and conceptual framework, we propose the causality horizon to signify the lowest levelthat allows linking homoplastic morphologies to similar changes in the development. A change in a system below the causality horizon cannot be generalized. In more concrete terms, homoplastic morphologies cannot be reduced to the same change in gene regulation when that change occurs belowthe causality horizon; rather, a higher-level mechanism should be identified.
机译：随着进化发展研究或EvoDevo的出现，希望发现发展的遗传基础在形态进化中的作用。 EvoDevo的研究涉及多个层次的有机组织。低水平研究确定了导致形态变异和多样性的最终遗传变化。发展的高级研究集中于遗传差异如何影响基因网络的动态和表观遗传相互作用以改变形态。尽管越来越多的研究将同型或会聚形态的独立获取与基因组中的相似变化联系起来，但同质性并不总是被发现具有相同的低水平遗传基础。这表明低水平方法和高水平方法的组合可能有助于理解遗传和形态变异之间的关系。因此，作为经验和概念框架，我们提出了因果关系范围，以表示允许将同型形态与发展中的类似变化联系起来的最低水平。因果关系下的系统变化不能一概而论。更具体地讲，当同质异形形态发生在因果关系水平以下时，同构形态不能还原为相同的基因调控。而是应该确定更高级别的机制。

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