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Arsenic reverses glioblastoma resistance to mTOR-targeted therapies

机译:砷逆转胶质母细胞瘤对mTOR靶向疗法的耐药性

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摘要

The mammalian target of rapatnycin, mTOR kinase is a compelling cancer drug target. mTOR, which exists in two distinct multi-protein complexes (mTORCl and mTORC2), transduces growth factor receptor signals via the PI3K pathway and integrates them with nutrient and energy status to control a diverse array of functions including protein translation, glycol-ysis and lipogenesis.1 Thus, mTOR serves as a critical regulatory node in the cell, controlling proliferation. In cancer, mutations in growth factor receptor signaling pathways persistently activate mTOR, supporting unrestrained tumor growth. The highly lethal form of adult brain cancer, glioblastoma (GBM), is one characteristic example. PI3K pathway activating mutations in growth factor receptor signaling pathways occur in nearly 90% of GBMs,2 with frequent amplification and mutation of EGFR and deletion and mutation of PTEN,2 providing compelling rationale for mTOR inhibitor therapy. However to date, attempts to target mTOR in GBM patients have failed.
机译:雷帕霉素的哺乳动物靶标mTOR激酶是引人注目的癌症药物靶标。 mTOR存在两种不同的多蛋白复合物(mTORC1和mTORC2)中,可通过PI3K途径转导生长因子受体信号,并将其与营养和能量状态整合在一起,以控​​制多种功能,包括蛋白质翻译,乙二醇分解和脂肪生成.1因此,mTOR充当细胞中的关键调控节点,控制增殖。在癌症中,生长因子受体信号通路的突变会持续激活mTOR,从而支持不受限制的肿瘤生长。成人脑癌的高致死性形式,胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是一个典型的例子。生长因子受体信号传导途径中的PI3K途径激活突变发生在近90%的GBM中,2 EGFR的频繁扩增和突变以及PTEN的缺失和突变2,为mTOR抑制剂治疗提供了令人信服的理由。然而,迄今为止,针对GBM患者中mTOR的尝试均失败了。

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