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首页> 外文期刊>Cell cycle >Recent arguments against germ cell renewal in the adult human ovary: is an absence of marker gene expression really acceptable evidence of an absence of oogenesis?
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Recent arguments against germ cell renewal in the adult human ovary: is an absence of marker gene expression really acceptable evidence of an absence of oogenesis?

机译：反对成年人类卵巢中生殖细胞更新的最新论点：缺乏标记基因表达真的可以接受吗？

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In 2004, a study from our lab published in the journal Nature reignited a worldwide debate over the validity of the dogma that mammalian females are incapable of oocyte and follicle production during postnatal life. Amidst widespread skepticism, we forged ahead and published a second study in 2005 in the journal Cell, which not only reaffirmed with different experimental approaches that this dogma is invalid but also identified cells in bone marrow (BM) and blood of adult female mice that could generate oocytes contained within immature follicles in the ovaries of recipient females following transplantation. Although this work has been the subject of extensive critical commentary as well, two recent reports from others have confirmed the germline potential of adult BM-derived cells in mice. Further, independent corroboration of the results and conclusions presented in our earlier Nature paper is also now available. However, three papers have been published that purportedly question our work and conclusions. The first is a paper by Eggan et al. published in the journal Nature, which attempts to draw conclusions about the germline potential of BM-derived cells after focusing solely on ovulated eggs while ignoring what may be occurring at the level of oogenesis in the ovaries. The second, from Veitia and colleagues, attempts to draw the same conclusions as Eggan et al. from a single clinical case report of a female Fanconi anemia patient who conceived a genetically-related daughter after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. The third is a report from Liu et al. just released in the journal Developmental Biology that claims to provide evidence refuting the possibility that adult female mammals produce new oocytes. However, all of the data presented in this latter report are derived from gene expression studies that the authors say fail to show the occurrence of meiosis or germ cell mitosis in adult human ovaries. Given that more than three years have passed since our initial study challenging the dogma was published, it is our belief that continuing arguments against the possibility of postnatal oogenesis in mammals should be based on more rigorous experimental approaches than simply an absence of evidence, especially from gene expression analyses. Further, the interpretations offered by Liu et al. of their results are not as straightforward as they contend since some of their data can also be viewed as supportive of postnatal oogenesis in reproductive age women.
机译：2004年，我们实验室发表在《自然》杂志上的一项研究再次引发了关于教条有效性的全球性辩论，即教条的有效性是哺乳动物雌性在出生后无法卵母细胞和卵泡产生。在广泛的怀疑之中，我们向前迈进了一步，并于2005年在《细胞》杂志上发表了第二项研究，该研究不仅以不同的实验方法再次证实了这种教条是无效的，而且还鉴定了成年雌性小鼠的骨髓（BM）和血液中的细胞移植后，雌性卵巢中的未成熟卵泡中含有卵母细胞。尽管这项工作也受到了广泛的批判性评论，但最近来自其他人的两份报告证实了成年BM衍生细胞在小鼠中的种系潜力。此外，现在也可以对我们早先的《自然》杂志中提出的结果和结论进行独立确认。但是，已经发表了三篇论文，据称对我们的工作和结论提出了质疑。首先是Eggan等人的论文。发表在《自然》杂志上的文章，该研究试图在仅关注卵子卵而忽略卵巢卵子发生水平后发生的变化后得出关于BM来源细胞的种系潜力的结论。第二，来自Veitia及其同事，试图得出与Eggan等人相同的结论。摘自一位女性范科尼贫血患者的单例临床病例报告，该患者在异基因骨髓移植后怀有遗传相关的女儿。第三是刘等人的报告。刚刚在《发展生物学》杂志上发表，该杂志声称提供证据驳斥成年雌性哺乳动物产生新卵母细胞的可能性。然而，后一份报告中提供的所有数据均来自基因表达研究，作者说，这些基因表达研究未能显示成年卵巢中减数分裂或生殖细胞有丝分裂的发生。鉴于自从我们的具有挑战性的信条的初步研究发表以来已经过去了三年多，我们相信，继续对哺乳动物产后卵子发生的可能性的争论应该基于更严格的实验方法，而不是仅仅基于缺乏证据，尤其是来自基因表达分析。此外，刘等人提供的解释。他们的研究结果并不像他们所主张的那样简单，因为他们的某些数据也可以被视为对育龄妇女产后卵子形成的支持。

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