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生理生化反应

生理生化反应的相关文献在1983年到2022年内共计114篇,主要集中在畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂、植物保护、园艺 等领域,其中期刊论文105篇、会议论文8篇、专利文献184965篇;相关期刊86种,包括微生物学报、植物生态学报、长江蔬菜等; 相关会议8种,包括2015年中国马铃薯大会、第四届全国微生物资源学术暨国家微生物资源平台运行服务研讨会、2011年中国农业工程学会农产品加工及贮藏工程分会学术年会暨全国食品科学与工程博士生学术论坛、管产学研助推食品安全重庆高峰论坛等;生理生化反应的相关文献由341位作者贡献,包括张卫红、张子仪、张敏红等。

生理生化反应—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:105 占比:0.06%

会议论文>

论文:8 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:184965 占比:99.94%

总计:185078篇

生理生化反应—发文趋势图

生理生化反应

-研究学者

  • 张卫红
  • 张子仪
  • 张敏红
  • 关桂兰
  • 卢凌
  • 宋福平
  • 张德明
  • 张杰
  • 李国勋
  • 李长友
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 郑庆伟
    • 摘要: 为获得用于防治花生网斑病的有效生防资源,辽宁省农业科学院植物保护研究所/辽宁省农业科学院植物营养与环境资源研究所从阜新、沈阳、锦州等辽宁花生主产区采集到健康叶片60份,采用稀释涂布平板法从健康的花生叶片上分离细菌、真菌、放线菌,利用平板对峙法筛选对花生网斑病菌具有较强抑制效果的菌株,并明确了其抑菌谱;根据形态特征、生理生化反应以及16S rDNA序列分析,明确了其分类地位;根据农药田间药效试验准则设计试验,评价了其田间防治效果。
    • 邓朝阳; 王锋; 苏小军; 李清明; 郭时印; 郭红英; 张锦钰; 石柱; 唐兰芳
    • 摘要: 鲜切果蔬属于生鲜食品,加工造成的机械损伤会引发一系列不利的生理生化反应,导致鲜切果蔬货架期变短,限制了鲜切果蔬工业的发展.臭氧(水)处理是一种高效、环保、节能的杀菌保鲜技术,可用于鲜切果蔬的杀菌保鲜.文章对臭氧(水)在鲜切果蔬保鲜中的应用进行了综述,介绍了臭氧(水)在鲜切果蔬加工中的研究现状,并对其应用前景进行了展望,以期为臭氧在鲜切果蔬工业中的应用提供参考.
    • 张伟珍; 古丽君; 段廷玉
    • 摘要: Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) fungi could increase plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses.AM fungi could improve plant resistance to abiotic stresses,including drought,high or low temperature,heavy metal,and salt.The mechanism includes improving plant nutrient absorption,the accumulation of osmotic adjustment substances and activities of antioxidative enzymes,strengthening the effects of osmotic adjustment and maintaining the balance of plant hormones,and increasing auxin synthesis,and regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism.AM fungi could also induce plant defense gene expression and enhance the capacity of plant roots and mycelium to hold heavy metal.The mechanism of AM fungi for defense against plant disease and insects may include building the mycelium network that can form mechanical barriers for the pathogen that is invading,enhancing the activities of resistance-related enzymes,synthesizing secondary metabolites associated with disease and insect resistance,promoting the expression of genes related to diseases and pests,and transmission by mycelium of the signal of insect resistance defense to improve the insect resistance of adjacent plants.We summarize the effects of AM fungi on plant stress resistance and the mechanisms found both at home and abroad in recent years.%丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizae,AM)真菌是自然界中最广泛的植物共生真菌,可以提高宿主对生物和非生物逆境的抗性.AM真菌能通过改善养分吸收、增加渗透调节物质的积累,提高抗氧化酶类活性、强化渗透调节作用并维持植物内源激素平衡,增加生长素的合成,调节碳氮代谢,刺激胁迫诱导基因表达,增强植物根系及菌丝本身对重金属元素的固持作用等提高植物对非生物逆境(如干旱、高低温、重金属、盐碱)的抗性;并能通过构建菌丝网络,形成对根部入侵病原真菌的机械屏障,增强抗病性相关酶活性,合成与抗病性相关的次生代谢产物,增强抗病、虫相关基因的表达,菌丝传递抗虫防御信号,能提高邻近植株的抗虫性,增强植物的抗病虫能力.本文归纳了近几年来国内外有关AM真菌影响植物抗逆性及其作用机理的研究进展,并对AM真菌在促进植物抗逆性方面的研究作了展望.
    • 李宝燕; 王英姿; 姜法祥; 石洁; 刘学卿
    • 摘要: In order to provide theoretical references for grape resistance breeding against Plasmopara viticola,field investigation and indoor inoculation were used to detect the grape resistance to Plasmopara viticola.The changes of SOD,POD and CAT activities and SA,H2O2 and JA contents in leaves of different resistant varieties were determined after inoculation with Plasmopara viticola.The effects on grape resistance to Plasmopara viticola were observed after spraying SA,H2O2 and JA to clarify the physiological and biochemical defense responses of grape against the infection of Plasmopara viticola.The results showed that,compared with the susceptible varieties,the activities of POD and CAT were rapidly increased after inoculation.The contents of SA and H2O2 in different varieties increased obviously after inoculation compared with the control,and the resistant varieties showed earlier and higher formation amounts.JA content increased in different varieties,but there were no significant differences between cultivars.SA,JA and H2O2 were helpful to enhance the resistance of grape to Plasmopara viticola.SA enhanced the resistance obviously and the resistance was enhanced by 44.87%.%为给葡萄抗霜霉病育种研究提供理论参考,通过田间调查结合室内接种的方法测定不同品种葡萄对霜霉病的抗性;测定接种葡萄霜霉病菌后,不同抗性品种叶片的SOD、POD、CAT活性及SA、H2O2、JA含量的变化;观察喷施SA、H2O2、JA对葡萄霜霉病抗性的影响,明确萄萄抵御霜霉病菌侵染的生理生化防卫反应.结果表明,与感病品种相比,抗性品种的POD、CAT活性在接种病菌后迅速增强;不同品种的SA、H2O2含量在接种病原菌后与对照相比都有明显升高,抗病品种升高出现早、生成量更高;不同品种叶片JA含量较对照虽有增加,但品种间无差异显著性;水杨酸、茉莉酸、过氧化氢有助于增强葡萄对霜霉病的抗性,水杨酸增强抗性较为明显,抗性增强44.87%.
    • 王袁; 李晓辉; 武恒燕; 徐世晓; 杨铁钊
    • 摘要: 为烟草抗南方根结线虫育种研究提供科学依据,在盆栽条件下,采用人工接种方法研究不同抗性烟草品种受南方根结线虫侵染后其根系生理生化指标的变化规律.结果表明:受南方根结线虫侵染后,抗病烟草品种G28根系的过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)和酪氨酸解氨酶(TAL)总体活性和在2次侵染前期酶活的增加幅度均较感病品种长脖黄大,但超氧化物酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量均低于长脖黄.较高的PAL、TAL、POD和CAT活性能提高烟草抗南方根结线虫能力.%Two tobacco varieties with different resistance to M.incognita are inoculated with M.incognita under the pot condition and then the variation regularity of physiological and biochemical indexes of two tobacco varieties is studied to provide the scientific basis for resistance breeding of tobacco M.incognita.Results:The overall POD,CAT,PAL and TAL activity of G28 (a variety with resistance to M.incognita) after inoculation and the increasing range of these enzyme activity at early inoculation stage both are higher than Changbohuang variety (a susceptible variety) but the SOD activity and MDA content of G28 are lower than Changbohuang.In conclusion,the higher PAL,TAL,POD and CAT activity can improve resistance to M.incognita in tobacco.
    • 黄玉敏; 邓勇; 李德芳; 赵立宁; 唐慧娟; 黄思齐
    • 摘要: Three main cultivars of Hemp (Yunma No.1,Qingdama,Wandama No.1) were employed to analyze changes of seed germination in response to CdCl2 stress with different concentrations (5 μmol/L,20 μmol/L and 50 μmol/L).The Hemp of "Yunma No.1" was used to study seedling growth,3,3'-diaminobenzidine staining on roots and leaves,MDA content,and physiological properties in response to cadmium stress with different concentrations (5 μmol/L,20 μ mol/L and 50 μmol/L).The results shows:The rate of seed germination decreased with the increase of cadmium concentration,and the germination rate was as follows:Yunma No.1 > Qingdama > Wandama No.1.The root elongation of "Yunma No.1 "decreased remarkably under each CdCl2 concentration in comparison with control;meanwhile,high concentration of CdCl2 induce lipid peroxidation,deep staining,and the MDA content of root and leaves was significantly increased at 20 μmol/L,50 μmol/L CdCl2 treatment compared with control.In addition,cadmium stress induced the activity of SOD and POD in roots and leaves of "Yunma No.1" which increased first and then decreased.In conclusion,cadmium stress inhibited the seed germination and the seedlings elongation of "Yunma No.1";deep staining and the incresing of MDA content may be associated with lipid peroxidation,destruction of cell membrane integrity caused by cadmium stress.Additionally,the root and leaves of hemp can reduce the activity of reactive oxygen species,decrease the lipid peroxidation and protect itself from oxidative damage by increasing the activities of SOD and POD.%以3个主栽品种大麻(云麻1号、庆大麻、皖大麻1号)为材料,研究了不同镉胁迫浓度(5、20、50 μmol/L)对其种子萌发的影响.以“云麻1号”大麻为材料,研究了不同镉胁迫浓度(5、20、50 μmol/L)对大麻幼苗生长、根与叶3,3'-二氨基联苯胺(DAB)染色、丙二醛(MDA)含量以及抗氧化酶活性等的影响.结果显示:种子萌发率随镉浓度升高而降低,发芽率依次为:云麻1号>庆大麻>皖大麻1号.“云麻1号”大麻幼根伸长在CdCl2处理下较对照显著降低,高浓度CdCl2处理,诱导脂质过氧化,染色着色深,大麻幼根与叶片中MDA含量在20、50 μmol/L CdCl2处理时较对照显著升高.此外,镉胁迫诱导“云麻1号”大麻幼根与叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈现先升高后降低趋势.结果表明:镉胁迫抑制大麻种子萌发、抑制“云麻1号”大麻幼根伸长;染色着色深、MDA含量增加可能与镉胁迫引起脂质过氧化,破坏细胞膜完整性有关;此外,大麻幼根与叶在镉胁迫下可通过提高抗氧化酶SOD、POD活性来清除活性氧的产生,降低脂质过氧化,保护自身免遭氧化损伤.
    • 王继玥; 石登红; 杜斌; 谢文钢; 宋常美; 杨丹; 刘燕
    • 摘要: 设置4个水分胁迫处理(每3d一次浇水,每7d一次浇水,每15 d一次浇水和每30 d一次浇水),通过测定黄秋葵幼苗期、花期和收获期农艺性状,产量和产量构成因素、生理生化反应以及光合特性等指标,研究水分胁迫对黄秋葵生长、生理以及光合作用的影响.结果表明,随着水分胁迫程度的增加,各生育期黄秋葵农艺性状、籽粒产量以及产量构成因素均显著降低,重度缺水导致黄秋葵绝收;黄秋葵叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度均随着水分胁迫强度的增加而减少,叶片叶绿素含量随着水分胁迫程度增强,呈现先增加后降低的趋势;黄秋葵的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离脯氨酸、丙二醛含量均随着水分胁迫强度的增加而增加.%We conducted a study of the effect of water stress on gowth,physiological metabolism and photosynthesis in okra.Four different water stress treatments (watering once per 30d,watering once per 15d,watering once per 7 d,watering once per 3 d) were investigated based on pot experiments.The agronomic traits of plants in okra during seeding stage,flowering stage and harvesting time,grain yield and its components,physiological and biochemical indexes and photosynthetic traits of okra were determined in this study.The results showed that with the enhancement of drought stress intensity,the agronomic traits,grain yield and its components of okra in each growth stage were reduced.Even the plant was failed by severe dehydration.Furthermore,the stomatal conductance and net photosynthesis rate were reduced with the increasing of the intensity of water stress.The chlorophyll content in blade increased first and then decreased.Soluble protein,proline,soluble sugar and malondialdehyde content of okra were also decreased with the increasing of the intensity of water stress.
    • 郭艳娥; 李芳; 李应德; 段廷玉
    • 摘要: 磷是植物生长发育的必需营养元素之一,是植物代谢过程不可或缺的物质.我国耕地土壤中有1/3~1/2的土壤缺磷,极大地限制了作物的生长.由丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌与植物形成的菌根共生体广泛存在于自然界中,可极大地促进寄主植物对磷元素的吸收.本文从形态特征、生理生化和分子生物学方面系统总结了丛枝菌根真菌促进磷元素吸收和利用的研究进展.AM真菌可与根际土壤和根皮层细胞形成密集的菌丝网,扩大植物根系吸收面积,缩短养分运输距离;分泌磷酸酶、有机酸和质子,改变根系周围土壤理化性质,解离难溶性磷酸盐,以及磷转运蛋白基因的特异性表达等.
    • 臧真荣; 贺燕; 吴德军; 胡丁猛; 燕丽萍; 王开芳
    • 摘要: 在自制人工熏气装置中,对8个国槐株系盆栽幼苗分别进行不同浓度 SO2胁迫,通过对叶片的相对电导率、MDA 含量和 SOD、POD、CAT 活性及叶绿素含量等指标的测定和分析,采用隶属函数法评价其抗性。结果表明,SO2胁迫条件下,各国槐株系所测指标表现不一致,青超1、孙19、黄 A、黄 B 4个株系对 SO2的抗性较强。%In self -made fumigating device,8 cultivars of Chinese scholartree (Sophora japonica)seed-lings were treated under sulfur dioxide stress.The electric conductivity,malonaldehyde(MDA)content,su-peroxide dismutase (SOD)activity,peroxidase (POD)activity,catalase (CAT)activity,chlorophyll content and other indicators of leaves were determined and analyzed.Their resistance were evaluated by subordinate function method.The results showed that the determined indicators of different cultivars were not consistant with each other under sulfur dioxide stress.Qingchao 1,Sun 19,Huang A and Huang B showed stronger re-sistance to sulfur dioxide.
    • 权文利; 产祝龙
    • 摘要: 紫花苜蓿是我国种植面积最大的人工牧草,具有重要的经济价值和社会效益。干旱是影响紫花苜蓿分布及产量的主要环境因子之一。土壤水分不足可导致紫花苜蓿的形态结构发生一定改变,从而使植株能够更好地适应胁迫环境。同时,苜蓿植株体内可通过一系列生理生化反应来减缓或降低干旱胁迫造成的损伤。近年来,人们对于紫花苜蓿转基因植株的培育以及苜蓿自身胁迫相关基因的研究报道较多。主要对紫花苜蓿抗旱的形态、生理和分子机制等方面的研究结果进行综述和讨论,发现干旱胁迫导致紫花苜蓿植株体内激素含量的变化,影响相应转录因子的活性,从而激活相应的功能基因,引起体内生理生化的变化。建议今后的研究在于阐述紫花苜蓿抗逆应答网络,挖掘更多的基因资源,通过分子育种手段培养高抗性新品种。%Alfalfa(Medicago sativa)is a forage grass with the largest cultivation area in China and has important economic value and social benefits. Drought is one of the major environmental factors influencing the production and distribution of alfalfa. Soil water deficiency could lead to alfalfa’s morphological structure changes,which makes plant better adapt to the stress environment. Meanwhile,a series of physiological and biochemical responses in alfalfa plants are activated to alleviate or reduce the damage caused by drought stress. In recent years,scientists have identified drought-related genes in alfalfa and created drought tolerant transgenic plants. In this paper,alfalfa morphological,physiological and molecular mechanism in response to drought stress are reviewed and discussed. Drought stress affects phytohormone metabolism,resulting in regulation of transcription factors,which in turn modulates expression of metabolism related and stress responsive genes in alfalfa,leading to physiological and biochemical changes. Future researches should pay more attention to the regulation network in response to stresses and the excavation of new gene resources,which are beneficial to breeding programs of novel alfalfa varieties with enhanced resistance.
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