摘要：
[Objective] In this paper,the thermal insulation performance of solid wood composite rigid polyurethane thermal insulation board (abbreviation RPIB,the same below) in the floor industry is tested and analyzed,and the influence of different materials on the temperature change of electric-heated floor is measured.Based on the principle of energy saving and consumption reduction,the reasons for energy saving and energy saving of electric heating flooring compared to ordinary solid wood flooring were analyzed.From the perspective of heat transfer and thermodynamics,the heat transfer analysis of RPIB model is carried out.Thermal analysis,and the effect of surface decoration panels of different materials on the thermal conductivity of RPIB were analyzed and verified by experiments.[Method] Two temperature change test models were constructed to measure the change of temperature rise from 0 to 35 min in normal electric floor and RPIB at room temperature of 20 °C.Two closed models were established to measure the length of time during which the temperature in the model was lowered from 40 °C to 20 °C;a thermodynamic model of a solid wood composite rigid polyurethane thermal insulation board was established through analysis of heat transfer theory.A solid wood composite polyurethane insulation board floor model with oak and poplar wood as the decorative panels was produced,and a temperature rising contrast experiment was performed within 0-30 min.[Result] In the temperature rising experiment,the floor temperature of solid wood composite rigid polyurethane thermal insulation board floor was lower than the temperature of ordinary electric floor per unit time,and the temperature difference between the two floors reached 2.0 °C after 35 min.In the thermal insulation experiment,the ordinary electric floor was reduced from 40 °C to 20 °C for 37 min,and the RPIB was lowered from 40 °C to 20 °C for 55 min.[Conclusion] The performance of the hard polyurethane material with low thermal conductivity is very excellent in retarding the heat transfer,so that the RPIB has better thermal insulation performance than the ordinary electric floor.The high decorative panel's electrically heated floor makes the heat conduction more efficient.%[目的]研究实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板的隔热性能,测量不同材料表层装饰面板保温板对电加热地板的温度变化影响,分析电加热地板相比普通实木复合地板节能降耗的原因,从传热学和热力学角度对实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板模型进行传热分析,并对不同材料表层装饰面板对实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板导热性能的影响进行试验验证.[方法]构建2个温度变化测试模型,测量20°C室温下普通电加热地板与实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板0～35 min内的温度变化情况;建立2个封闭模型,测试模型内温度由40°C降至20°C的时长;通过传热学分析,建立实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板的热力学模型;分别制作以橡木和杨木作为装饰面板的实木复合聚氨酯保温板地板模型,并进行0～30 min的升温对比试验.[结果]升温试验中,单位时间内实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板的底板温度比普通电加热地板的温度上升慢,35 min后二者的底板温度差达到2.0°C.保温试验中,普通电加热地板从40°C降至20°C用时37 min,实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板从40°C降至20°C用时55 min.[结论]热导率低的硬质聚氨酯材料在延缓热量传递方面的性能优异,从而使实木复合硬质聚氨酯保温板地板相比普通电加热地板具有更出色的保温性能,采用传热系数较高的装饰面板的电加热地板会使热量传导效率更高.
