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农林复合

农林复合的相关文献在1994年到2022年内共计87篇,主要集中在林业、农业基础科学、植物学 等领域,其中期刊论文74篇、会议论文3篇、专利文献599122篇;相关期刊44种,包括生态学报、西北植物学报、防护林科技等; 相关会议3种,包括中美水土保持研讨会、农业生态环境建设的理论与实践2000'香港学术讨论会、1998年国际山区资源开发与保护研讨会等;农林复合的相关文献由221位作者贡献,包括张硕新、肖斌、张远迎等。

农林复合—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:74 占比:0.01%

会议论文>

论文:3 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:599122 占比:99.99%

总计:599199篇

农林复合—发文趋势图

农林复合

-研究学者

  • 张硕新
  • 肖斌
  • 张远迎
  • 朱清科
  • 侯琳
  • 刘滨
  • 彭晓邦
  • 王来
  • 高鹏翔
  • 万俊丽
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 王来; 高鹏翔; 仲崇高; 刘滨; 侯琳; 张硕新; 张远迎
    • 摘要: 以渭北黄土区近年来发展迅速的核桃(Juglans regia)-小麦(Triticum aestivum)间作复合系统为研究对象.讨论核桃-小麦复合系统不同土层有机碳(SOC)密度的动态积累特征.结果表明,核桃-小麦复合系统0~100 cm土层SOC密度呈逐年增加趋势,第11年时复合系统显著高于小麦单作,但与核桃单作差异不显著.细分各土层,除了20~40 cm土层,其他各土层复合系统SOC密度均呈现逐年增加趋势.在浅层土壤(0~20 cm)复合系统从第3年开始显著低于核桃单作,从第7年开始显著高于小麦单作;在较深土层(40~60、60~100 cm)复合系统从第5年和第7年开始分别显著高于核桃和小麦两单作系统.SOC积累速度方面,复合系统0~100 cm土层的SOC密度积累速度呈现逐年增加趋势,11a观测期内的平均积累速度为0.071 1 kg·m-2·a-1,分别是小麦单作和核桃单作的4.90倍和1.06倍.核桃-小麦复合系统与小麦单作相比可以同时提高浅层土壤(0~20 cm)和较深土层(40~60、60~100 cm)的SOC密度,与核桃单作相比最大优势是将SOC积累在较深土层.核桃-小麦复合系统与两单作系统相比均有较高的固碳潜力.
    • 王来; 高鹏翔; 仲崇高; 刘滨; 侯琳; 赵玉健; 张硕新; 张远迎
    • 摘要: 以核桃(Juglans regia)-小麦(Triticum aestivum)间作复合系统为研究对象,用微根窗和根钻相结合的方法采样,研究复合系统中核桃和小麦细根年内年际的生长动态和竞争适应策略,为农林复合系统的经营管理和竞争模型的建立提供理论依据和技术支持.结果表明,间作核桃和小麦根系均在上半年有一个大的生长高峰(5月和4月),在下半年有一个小的生长高峰(9月和11月),二者的竞争主要发生在上半年的大生长高峰期.在各年份各土层,间作核桃的根长密度均低于单作核桃,且在从第7年开始存在显著差异.在0-20 cm土层间作小麦根长密度在第3-7年间获得迅速提高,从第7年开始显著高于单作小麦,但在20 cm以下土层则相反.间作使核桃和小麦细根生态位实现了分离,11年的观察期内间作核桃比单作核桃细根的垂直分布中心下移了6.59 cm.间作小麦比单作小麦的上移了8.59 cm.在根系竞争策略方面,小麦根系是通过短期内的快速生长,迅速占据土壤空间获得竞争优势;而核桃根系是通过根系的逐年积累,逐步占据土壤空间从而获得竞争优势.可以干扰核桃根系积累过程的“竞争-干扰-再平衡”农林复合经营管理策略可以让复合系统中核桃和小麦保持各自竞争优势的情况下实现共存.在根系形态方面,自身细根直径较小者小麦在剧烈竞争区域以增加细根直径减小比根长来适应竞争,而自身细根直径较大者核桃则相反.
    • 王来; 高鹏翔; 刘滨; 仲崇高; 侯琳; 张远迎
    • 摘要: Taking a walnut (Juglans regia)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) intercropping system as the research object,monoculture systems of two species as the controls,this paper discussed the influence of agroforestry system on the temperature of shallow soil layers (5,10,and 25 cm) to provide theoretical basis for agroforestry structure optimization and water regulation.In summer,the maximum temperatures in a day and average temperatues during high temperature period in three soil layers were in the order of wheat monoculture>walnut monoculture>walnut-wheat intercropping,and there were significant differences among the three.In 5 cm soil layer,the temperature diurnal range of the three land use patterns also characterized as wheat monoculture>walnut monoculture>walnut-wheat intercropping.Monthly average temperature of the three soil layers of walnut-wheat intercropping was less than the two monoculture systems during March to October,instead,walnut-wheat intercropping system was higher than the two monoculture systems in November,and there were significant differences among the three land use patterns.Above all,the results showed the walnut-wheat intercropping system could reduce the shallow soil temperature effectively during high soil temperature period,which had great significance for reducing ineffective evaporation and improving water use efficiency.%以核桃(Juglans regia)-小麦(Triticum aestivum)间作复合系统为研究对象,以两者各自的单作系统为对照,讨论农林复合系统对生长季5、10 cm和25 cm地温的影响,为优化农林复合结构和水分调控提供理论依据.结果表明,夏季日内5、10 cm和25 cm地温的峰值及高温时段的地温均表现为小麦单作>核桃单作>核桃-小麦间作,且三者间存在显著差异;三者5 cm地温日内波动幅度也表现为小麦单作>核桃单作>核桃-小麦间作.核桃-小麦间作生长季节5、10 cm和25cm月平均地温,在3-10月份均低于两单作系统且存在显著差异,在11月份则均高于两单作系统且三者间差异显著.总之,核桃-小麦间作可以有效降低生长季高温时段的浅层土壤温度,这有利于减少系统内土壤水分的无效蒸发和提高水分利用效率;11月份核桃-小麦间作对地温的提高作用有利于间作小麦根系的冬前生长.
    • 王来; 高鹏翔; 刘滨; 侯琳; 张硕新
    • 摘要: The influence of agroforestry system on microclimate environment near land surface was studied by means of walnut (Juglans regia) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) intercropping system,a widespread local agroforestry model in northern Wei River of loess area,with the two monocuhure systems as the control.The purposes of this research was to provide theoretical basis for modeling and managing the agroforestry system scientifically.The results showed that the average air temperature during February~ October of the intercropping system was O.66°C and 0.97°C lower than that of the walnut and wheat monoculture systems respectively,on the contrary,0.49°C and 0.40°C higher than the two monoculture systems respectively during November and January.The air relative humidity of the intercropping system every month was higher than that of the two monoculture systems,the annual average higher than the walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture by 14.33% and 19.98%,respectively.The wind speed of the intercropping system every month was lower than that of the two monoculture systems,the annual average was lower than that of walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture by 26.32% and 30.00%,respectively.The relative illumination of the intercropping system every month was lower than that of the two monoculture systems,the annual average was lower than that of walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture by 21.33% and 45.93 %,respectively.The average ground temperature during February ~ October was lower in the intercropping system than that of the walnut monoculture and wheat monoculture respectively by 0.71 °C and 1.41 °C,on the contrary,1.01 °C and 0.69°C higher than the two monoculture systems respectively during November~January.The soil moisture of the intereropping system was less than the two monoculture systems during April ~ May,yet it rose from June to July rapidly,higher than the two monoculture systems during July ~ September.Walnut-wheat intercropping system could reduce the soil temperature,air temperature,wind speed and relative illumination of near land surface in high temperature season.It is very important for reducing soil surface evaporation.%以渭北黄土区农林实践中发展最为迅速的核桃(Juglans regia)-小麦(Triticum aestivum)间作复合模式为研究对象,以两物种的单作系统为对照,讨论农林复合系统对近地面微气候环境的影响,为农林复合系统经营管理和模型的建立提供理论依据.结果表明,核桃-小麦间作降低了2-10月近地面气温和地温,期间气温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作低0.66°C和0.97°C,期间地温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作低0.71°C和1.41°C.核桃-小麦间作提高了11月至第2年1月近地面气温和地温,期间气温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作高0.49°C和0.40°C,期间地温平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作高1.01°C和0.69°C.核桃-小麦间作各月近地面空气相对湿度均高于两单作系统,其全年平均值分别比核桃单作和小麦单作提高了14.33%和19.98%.核桃-小麦间作各月近地面平均风速和相对照度均低于两单作系统,其全年平均风速分别比核桃单作和小麦单作降低了26.32%和30.00%,全年平均相对照度分别比核桃单作和小麦单作降低了21.33%和45.93%.核桃-小麦间作浅层土壤湿度在4-5月低于两单作系统,在6-7月迅速升高,在7-9月高于两单作系统.核桃-小麦间作复合系统可以降低高温季节近地面的土壤温度、气温、风速和相对光强,这对降低土壤水分的无效蒸发具有重要意义.
    • 罗晓华; 李军; 宋大刚; 向成华; 何家敏
    • 摘要: 本文通过在农林复合系统中,4种不同模式(核桃+川明参(C)、核桃+桔梗(J)和核桃+藿香(H),以核桃纯林作为对照),进行了土壤的理化性质、温度与湿度的测定,并对比,得出以下结论:在4种农林药模式下1、土壤上层土壤理化性质与下层土壤理化性质的差异不明显;2、各模式间温度差异不显著,而时间效应以及时间和各处理间的交互效应达极显著水平;3、各模式间相对湿度不存在显著差异,但时间效应以及时间和处理交互效应达极显著水平.
    • 韦铄星; 刘晓蔚; 刘雄盛; 张烨; 黄荣林; 刘菲; 蒋燚
    • 摘要: 以桉树间种牧草(象草、山毛豆和柱花草)的6种复合经营模式为处理,以桉树纯林为对照,分别于造林初期、中期和后期,测定分析不同土层桉树人工林间作牧草复合经营模式土壤理化性质主要因子的变化规律,并运用灰色系统理论方法筛选出对土壤理化性质改良效果较优模式.研究结果表明:(1)在相同土层相同时期,土壤容重、总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、田间持水量、有机质、全量N、P、K和速效N、P、K含量在不同模式间的差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05)或极显著水平(P<0.01).(2)在相同时期,各模式0~20 cm土层的土壤总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、田间持水量有机质、全N、速效N、速效P和速效K含量均大于20~40 cm土层,土壤容重反之,全P和全K含量的大小在不同土层间差异不显著.(3)随着造林时期的变化,在相同土层各模式的土壤容重、毛管孔隙度和田间持水量逐渐增加,土壤总孔隙度逐渐减小,而土壤养分含量在不同种植模式不同土层的变化趋势各不相同.(4)在0~20 cm土层灰色关联系数排序为:A2(0.9460)>B2(0.7921)> A1(0.7404)>B1 (0.6957)>A3(0.6274)>B3(0.5620)>CK(0.5473),在20~40cm土层为:A2(0.9578)>A1(0.7 382)>B2(0.7223)>B1(0.6624 2)>A3(0.6019)>B3(0.5581)>CK(0.5151).其中桉树间作牧草的A2模式对改善土壤物理性质,提高土壤养分含量的综合效果最佳.
    • 侯磊; 马海龙
    • 摘要: 文章研究了渭北黄土区核桃单作、核桃——小麦复合和小麦单作三种系统下的水分垂直分布及降雨和土壤温度对土壤含水率的影响.结果表明:在核桃单作、核桃——小麦复合和小麦单作三种系统下0~450cm土层内,土壤含水率随深度增加而增加.三种不同系统土壤含水率大小为:核桃——小麦复合〈小麦单作〈核桃单作.三种系统土壤含水率的主要影响因子为降水和土壤温度,降水显著影响土壤含水率,土壤温度对土壤含水率的影响较小,在核桃单作系统中,土壤温度对土壤含水率的影响相对较大.
    • 商胜才
    • 摘要: 农林复合经营是有目的的采用时空排列,把林木与农作物、蔬菜、牧草、畜禽等组合在同一土地经营单位,可以有效提高土地利用率,有相辅相成的作用.农林复合经营是在为人类提供大量林木、果品的同时,还可以提供粮食、蔬菜、牧草等其他农副产品.一些好的经营方式和模式,对于林业生产与发展有着重要意义,将有效增加农民收入,促进经济社会的协调健康发展.
    • 黄坚雄; 潘剑; 周立军; 陈俊明; 李娟; 郑定华; 林位夫
    • 摘要: 研究全周期间作模式胶园大行间间作的豆薯产量及其抗逆性.结果表明,试验期间间作豆薯小区的橡胶株产与常规种植胶园的没有显著差异;间作豆薯的产量为12.7 t/hm2,与单作豆薯的产量(13.5 t/hm2)没有显著性差异,但不同位置间作的豆薯产量间存在差异,以大行中间至少6m宽的产量最高,显著高于靠近橡胶树两边的豆薯产量(p<0.05);不同位置间作豆薯叶片的游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性与单作对照总体上无显著性变化(除E4和M的SOD活性以及E1的Pro含量显著低于单作外)(P<0.05).表明在全周期间作模式胶园大行间间作豆薯是可行的.
    • 黄坚雄; 潘剑; 林位夫; 陈俊明; 李娟; 郑定华; 袁淑娜; 周立军
    • 摘要: 研究南北行向的全周期间作模式胶园宽行间间作生姜的生长及其抗逆生理变化。结果表明:在宽行中间12 m宽的区域内,不同位置间作的生姜产量间存在一定差异,以宽行东侧约3 m宽区域的生姜株高、茎粗和叶片SPAD值表现最好,产量最高,其次为西侧区域,在宽行中间6 m宽的区域则不适宜生姜生长;不同位置间作生姜叶片的游离脯氨酸(Pro)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性总体上无显著性变化(P>0.05)。综上所述,在全周期间作模式胶园宽行中靠近橡胶树的两侧较适宜生姜种植(特别是东侧),不同位置间作对生姜抗逆生理的影响不大。%Growth and physiology of stress tolerance of ginger intercropped in the wide row of south-west oriented rubber plantation with paired row planting system were investigated in this paper. Results showed that, in the 12-m width area in the wide row, there was significant difference of yield of ginger between different sites. Hight, stem thickness and SPAD of ginger grown in the east 3-m width area performed best. Highest ginger yield also was recorded in this area, followed by the yield of ginger planted in the opposite area. Ginger was not suitable to planted in the middle 6-m with area. Totally, content of Pro and MDA and activity of SOD and POD in different sites of ginger were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusively, ginger could be planted in the area where was close to rubber tree, especially in the east. Performance of physiology of stress tolerance of intercropped ginger didn't differ in each site.
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