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A rat model examining behavioral and neurochemical effects of passive exposure to aggression on observers.

机译：一种大鼠模型，用于观察观察者被动暴露于攻击行为的行为和神经化学作用。

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Previous studies have consistently reported that passive exposure to aggression is a risk of aggressive inclinations for a human witness. However, it is unclear whether a witness' aggressiveness is semi-permanently socialized or temporarily primed. Furthermore, a neurochemical mechanism of passive exposure to aggression also remains unaddressed in clinical literature. The present research used a rat model to clarify the behavioral and neurochemical effects of passive exposure to aggression. First, rats were screened for their aggressiveness after they were acutely or chronically exposed to aggression or non-aggression. It was found that observer rats chronically exposed to aggression exhibited more aggression than those exposed to non-aggression and even those exposed to aggression only acutely. This behavioral difference was maintained over 16 days. Next, radioimmunoassay and autoradiography were used to test the levels of serum testosterone and corticosterone, as well as the densities of dopamine D2 receptors and 5-HT1B receptors, among observer rats chronically exposed to aggression or non-aggression. No differences in the hormonal levels were detected between the groups of exposure to aggression and non-aggression, whereas observer rats chronically exposed to aggression showed lower densities of dopamine D2 receptors and higher densities of 5- HT1B receptors, compared with controls. These suggest that chronic passive exposure to aggression inclined observer rats to be aggressive in the long run, which may be mediated by low densities of dopamine D2 receptors and high densities of 5-HT 1B receptors.
机译：先前的研究一致报告称，被动暴露于侵略性对于人类目击者而言可能具有激进倾向。但是，目前尚不清楚证人的侵略性是半永久性的还是暂时的。此外，在临床文献中仍未解决被动暴露于攻击的神经化学机制。本研究使用大鼠模型来阐明被动暴露于攻击行为的行为和神经化学作用。首先，在急性或慢性暴露于攻击性或非攻击性后，对大鼠的攻击性进行筛选。发现长期暴露于攻击性的观察者大鼠比未暴露于攻击性的大鼠表现出更大的攻击性，甚至那些暴露于攻击性的大鼠也表现出更大的攻击性。这种行为差异维持了16天以上。接下来，使用放射免疫测定法和放射自显影技术对长期处于攻击或非攻击状态的观察者大鼠的血清睾丸激素和皮质酮水平以及多巴胺D2受体和5-HT1B受体的密度进行了测试。与对照组相比，在暴露于攻击性和非攻击性的两组之间没有检测到激素水平的差异，而长期暴露于攻击性的观察者大鼠则显示出较低的多巴胺D2受体密度和较高的5-HT1B受体密度。这些表明，长期对攻击者进行被动被动暴露会使观察者大鼠从长远来看具有攻击性，这可能是由低密度的多巴胺D2受体和高密度的5-HT 1B受体介导的。

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