目的 分析我院送检样本中病原菌的分布及耐药情况,为院内感染的控制和临床合理用药提供参考.方法 对2015年我院各骨科住院患者的送检标本进行常规培养分离,API系统鉴定菌株,药敏试验采用E-test法和K-B纸片法,采用WHONET5.6软件进行数据统计.结果 2015年我院共送检细菌培养样本2746份,筛选分离出病原菌402株,阳性率为14.64%.细菌检出率前三位分别为金黄色葡萄球菌(19.4%)、大肠埃希菌(17.7%)、阴沟肠杆菌(12.4%).耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)阳性率为30.8%,未发现万古霉素耐药菌株.大肠埃希菌产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的阳性率为54.9%.结论 金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠埃希菌、阴沟肠杆菌在骨科医院分离率较高,耐药现象较为普遍,应动态监测院其流行和耐药状况,为临床合理使用抗生素提供可靠依据.%Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in inspection sam-ples in our hospital, and so as to provide reference for the control of nosocomial infection and clinical rational use of anti-biotics. Methods The pathogens from samples in our hospital in 2015 were cultured, isolated, and then identified by API system. Drug sensitive test was carried out by E-test and K-B paper method. The statistical analysis of data was per-formed with WHONET5.6. Results A total of 402 pathogens were isolated from 2746 samples, and positive rate was 14.64%. The bacteria detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus was the highest (19.4%), followed by Escherichia coli (17.6%) and Enterobacter cloacae (12.4%). The positive rate of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 30.7%, and vancomycin resistant strains were not found. The positive rate of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ES-BLs) was 54.9%. Conclusion The separation rate of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae were higher in the orthopaedic department, and the resistance phenomenon is relatively common. The medical staff should dy-namically monitor the prevalence and drug resistance status, in order to provide reliable basis for clinical rational use of antibiotics.
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