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Proximate mineral and antinutrient compositions of indigenous Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) pod accessions: implications for mineral bioavailability

机译：土产秋葵（Abelmoschus esculentus）荚果的近矿物质和抗营养成分：对矿物质生物利用度的影响

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The promotion and consumption of indigenous vegetables could help to mitigate food insecurity and alleviate malnutrition in developing countries. Nutrient and antinutrient compositions of eight accessions of Okra Pods were investigated. Molar ratios and mineral bioavailability of Okra pod accessions were also calculated and compared to the critical values to predict the implications for mineral bioavailability. Proximate and mineral composition of Okra pod accessions were determined using standard methods of Association of Official Analytical Chemists. The result of the study revealed that the proximate composition (g/100 g) in dry weight basis was significantly (P < 0.05) varied and ranged: moisture/dry matter 9.69–13.33, crude protein 10.25–26.16, crude fat 0.56–2.49, crude fiber 11.97–29.93, crude ash 5.37–11.30, utilizable carbohydrate 36.66–50.97, and gross energy 197.26–245.55 kcal/100 g. The mineral concentrations (mg/100 g) were also significantly (P < 0.05) varied and ranged: calcium (111.11–311.95), Iron (18.30–36.68), potassium (122.59–318.20), zinc (3.83–6.31), phosphorus (25.62–59.72), and sodium (3.33–8.31) on dry weight bases. The Okra Pods of “OPA#6” accession contained significantly higher amounts of crude protein, total ash, crude fat, calcium, iron, and zinc than all other accessions evaluated in this study. The results of antinutrients analysis showed that, except phytate, tannin, and oxalate contents of all the accessions were significantly (P < 0.05) varied. The range of phytate, tannin, and oxalate contents (mg/100 g) for Okra pod accessions studied were as follows: 0.83–0.87, 4.93–9.90, and 0.04–0.53, respectively. The calculated molar ratios of phytate: calcium, phytate: iron, phytate: zinc, oxalate: calcium and [Phytate][Calcium]/[Zinc] were below the critical value and this indicate that the bioavailability of calcium, iron, and zinc in these accessions could be high. The results of the study revealed that Okra pod contain appreciable amount of vital nutrients like protein, fiber, calcium, iron, and zinc and low in antinutrient contents with high mineral bioavailability. Therefore, increase in the production and consumption of these nutrient‐rich indigenous Okra pods will help to supplement/formulate the diets and alleviate the problems associated with malnutrition in the country.
机译：促进和消费本地蔬菜可以帮助减轻粮食不安全并减轻发展中国家的营养不良。研究了八种黄秋葵荚果的营养成分和抗营养成分。还计算了黄秋葵荚果的摩尔比和矿物质生物利用度，并将其与临界值进行比较，以预测对矿物质生物利用度的影响。使用官方分析化学家协会的标准方法确定了黄秋葵荚果的近邻和矿物成分。研究结果表明，以干重计的最接近组成（g / 100 g）显着（P <0.05）变化范围广：水分/干物质9.69–13.33，粗蛋白10.25–26.16，粗脂肪0.56–2.49 ，粗纤维11.97-29.93，粗灰分5.37-11.30，可利用的碳水化合物36.66-50.97和总能量197.26-245.55 kcal / 100 g。矿物质浓度（mg / 100g）也有显着差异（P <0.05）变化范围：钙（111.11-311.95），铁（18.30-36.68），钾（122.59-318.20），锌（3.83-6.31），磷（25.62–59.72）和钠（3.33–8.31）（以干重计）。与本研究中评估的所有其他种质相比，“ OPA＃6”种质的黄秋葵荚果含有大量的粗蛋白，总灰分，粗脂肪，钙，铁和锌。抗营养物质分析结果表明，除所有植株中的植酸，单宁和草酸含量外，其他所有植酸含量均存在显着差异（P <0.05）。研究的黄秋葵荚果的植酸，单宁和草酸含量范围（mg / 100 g）如下：分别为0.83-0.87、4.93-9.90和0.04-0.53。植酸：钙，植酸：铁，植酸：锌，草酸：钙和[植酸] [钙/ [锌]的摩尔比低于临界值，这表明钙，铁和锌的生物利用度这些入藏率可能很高。研究结果表明，秋葵荚果含有大量重要的营养素，例如蛋白质，纤维，钙，铁和锌，并且抗营养素含量低，具有较高的矿物质生物利用度。因此，增加这些营养丰富的本地秋葵豆荚的产量和消费量将有助于补充/配制饮食，并减轻该国与营养不良有关的问题。

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