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Colonial and Cellular Polymorphism in Xenorhabdus luminescens

机译：Xenorhabdus luminescens中的殖民和细胞多态性。

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A highly polymorphic Xenorhabdus luminescens strain was isolated. The primary form of X. luminescens was luminescent and nonswarming and produced a yellow pigment and antimicrobial substances. The primary form generated a secondary form that had a distinct orange pigmentation, was weakly luminescent, and did not produce antimicrobial substances. Both the primary and secondary forms generated a set of colony variants at frequencies that exceeded normal rates for spontaneous mutation. The variant forms include nonswarming and swarming forms that formed large colonies and a small-colony (SC) form. The primary and secondary forms generated their SC forms at frequencies of between 1 and 14% and 1 and 2%, respectively. The SC forms were distinct from their parental primary and secondary forms in colony and cellular morphology and in protein composition. The cellular morphology and protein patterns of the nonswarming and swarming colony variants were all very similar. The DNA fingerprints of all forms were similar. Each SC-form colony reverted at high frequency to the form from which it was derived. The proportion of parental-type cells in the SC-form colonies varied with age, with young colonies containing as few as 0.0002% parental-type cells. The primary-to-secondary switch was stable, but all the other colony forms were able to switch at high frequencies to the alternative colony phenotypes.
机译：分离到高度多态的Xenorhabdus luminescens菌株。 X. luminescens的主要形式是发光且不易变色，并产生黄色颜料和抗菌物质。初级形式产生的次级形式具有明显的橙色色素沉着，微弱的发光并且不产生抗菌物质。主要形式和次要形式均产生了一组菌落变异体，其频率超过自发突变的正常速率。变体形式包括形成大菌落和小菌落（SC）形式的非群体和群体形式。主要形式和次要形式分别以1至14％和1至2％的频率生成其SC形式。 SC形式在集落和细胞形态以及蛋白质组成上不同于其父母的一级和二级形式。非蜂群和蜂群菌落变体的细胞形态和蛋白质模式都非常相似。所有形式的DNA指纹图谱都相似。每个SC形式的菌落均以高频率回复至其来源形式。 SC型菌落中亲本型细胞的比例随年龄变化，而年轻菌落中的亲本型细胞少至0.0002％。初级到次级转换是稳定的，但是所有其他菌落形式都能够以高频率切换到其他菌落表型。

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