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首页> 外文期刊>Prehospital emergency care >Blood-Borne Pathogens among Firefighters and Emergency Medical Technicians.
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Blood-Borne Pathogens among Firefighters and Emergency Medical Technicians.

机译：消防员和紧急医疗技术人员中的血液致病菌。

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Objective. Firefighters and emergency medical services (EMS) personnel have the potential for occupational exposures to blood, which increases their risk for occupational blood-borne infection. To address this concern, the authors conducted a literature review of occupational blood exposures, the seroprevalence of blood-borne pathogens among these workers, and the seroprevalence of blood-borne pathogens among the patients they serve. Methods. A MEDLINE search was conducted, and all identified articles that described surveys of exposures to blood or surveillance of blood-borne infections among firefighters and/or emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in the United States were reviewed. For hepatitis B, only seroprevalence surveys conducted after the 1992 requirement by the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard to offer vaccination to potentially exposed employees were included.Results. From these data, the expected number of annual occupational hapatitis C virus seroconversions was estimated to be between 5.8 and 118.9 per 100,000 employee-years for EMT-paramedics, between 3.4 and 33.7 per 100,000 for firefighter-EMTs, and up to 3.6 per 100,000 for firefighters (non-EMT). Conclusions.This review suggests there are a limited number of studies addressing this issue, and these studies have numerous limitations. Despite the expected occupational seroconversions and recognizing the limitations in drawing conclusions from these studies, it appears that firefighters and EMS personnel do not have an elevated seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus compared with the general population. Improved exposure surveillance programs would clarify exposure risks and identify potential interventions for firefighters and EMS personnel.
机译：目的。消防员和紧急医疗服务（EMS）人员具有职业性接触血液的潜力，这增加了其职业性血液传播感染的风险。为了解决这一问题，作者对职业性血液暴露，这些工人中血源性病原体的血清流行病以及所服务患者中血源性病原体的血清流行病进行了文献综述。方法。进行了MEDLINE搜索，并审查了所有已描述的文章，这些文章描述了美国消防员和/或紧急医疗技术人员（EMT）对血液接触或血液传播感染的监测调查。对于乙型肝炎，仅包括1992年《血源病原体标准》要求为可能暴露的雇员提供疫苗接种后进行的血清阳性率调查。根据这些数据，EMT护理人员每年的职业性丙型肝炎病毒血清转换的预期数量估计为5.8至118.9 / 10万名雇员/年，消防员-EMT的预期年职业性丙型肝炎病毒血清转化为100,000 / 3.4至33.7 / 100,000。消防员（非EMT）。结论：这项审查表明，针对该问题的研究数量有限，而且这些研究有很多局限性。尽管预期会发生职业血清转换，并认识到从这些研究中得出结论的局限性，但与一般人群相比，消防员和EMS人员的丙型肝炎病毒血清流行率似乎并未升高。改进的暴露监控程序将澄清暴露风险，并确定对消防员和EMS人员的潜在干预措施。

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