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Occupational contact dermatitis caused by opioids: A case series

机译：阿片类药物引起的职业接触皮炎：案例系列

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Abstract Background Opioid‐manufacturing facility workers are at risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis. Objectives To describe the causes of occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by opioids in an opioid‐manufacturing facility. Materials and Methods A retrospective review was performed of patients assessed at the Occupational Dermatology Clinic in Melbourne, Australia from 2004 to 2017. Results Fifteen workers from an opioid‐manufacturing facility were assessed in our clinic over a period of 14?years. Of these, 11 individuals were diagnosed with occupational allergic contact dermatitis caused by opioids, with seven reacting to thebaine, five to morphine, four to norhydroxymorphinone, two to codeine, and two to oripavine. Two people were suspected of having immediate hypersensitivity reactions to opioids, including one who also had allergic contact dermatitis. Two patients were diagnosed with urticaria, aggravated at work. One patient was diagnosed with a non‐occupational rash. Conclusions We report a case series of workers with allergic contact dermatitis caused by opioids in a manufacturing facility. With greater awareness, including implementation of an educational programme and improved skin protection, the number of cases declined over time. Interestingly, norhydroxymorphinone had not been reported as an allergen before. Further testing is required to establish optimal patch test concentrations of all opiates.
机译：摘要背景阿片制造工厂工人面临职业接触皮炎的风险。目标是描述阿片类药物制造设施中阿片类药物引起的职业过敏性接触皮炎的原因。材料和方法从2004年到2017年，对澳大利亚墨尔本职业皮肤科诊所进行评估的患者进行了回顾性评论。结果，来自阿片类药物制造业的15名工人在我们的诊所中评估了14年的时间。其中，11个个体被诊断出患有由阿片类药物引起的职业过敏性接触皮炎，七个对伯因反应，五个至吗啡，四个至诺律霉素，两种至可待因，两种至奥比汗。怀疑两人对阿片类药物的立即过敏反应，包括同性也具有过敏性接触皮炎。两名患者被诊断为荨麻疹，在工作中加剧。一名患者被诊断出患有非职业皮疹。结论我们向制造设施中的阿片类药物引起了过敏性接触皮炎的案例系列工人。具有更大的意识，包括实施教育计划和改善的皮肤保护，案件的数量随着时间的推移而下降。有趣的是，诺羟曲酮尚未以前作为过敏原。需要进一步的测试来建立所有Apiates的最佳贴剂测试浓度。

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