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Leprosy: a review on elimination, reducing the disease burden, and future research

机译：麻风病：消除疾病，减轻疾病负担和未来研究的回顾

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摘要

Leprosy, one of the oldest diseases known to man, is a stigmatising, potentially disabling disease. Throughout history, leprosy has been associated with fear, prejudice and immense social stigma. It remains one of the leading causes of deformity and physical disability from an infectious disease. Tremendous advances in leprosy control were made by the World Health Organization, and the 'elimination of leprosy', defined as a decrease of disease prevalence to less than 1 case per 10,000 population, was achieved by 2000. However, the reality is that true 'elimination' is yet to be achieved. Despite almost 30 years of effective multidrug treatment, the prevalence and incidence of leprosy have plateaued since 2005. Moreover, new cases with Grade 2 disability and new cases occurring in children remain unchanged since 2010, reflecting a failure in early leprosy detection, and indicating that transmission is clearly continuing. This review examines the challenges of elimination, and proposes further measures to reduce the disease burden, including future research possibilities.
机译：麻风病是人类已知的最古老的疾病之一，是一种有污点，可能致残的疾病。纵观整个历史，麻风病与恐惧，偏见和巨大的社会污名联系在一起。它仍然是传染病导致畸形和身体残疾的主要原因之一。世界卫生组织在麻风病控制方面取得了巨大进展，到2000年，“消除麻风病”的定义是将患病率降低到每10,000人1例以下。然而，现实是“消除”尚未实现。尽管有效的多药治疗已有近30年的历史，但自2005年以来麻风病的患病率和发病率一直处于平稳状态。此外，自2010年以来，新的2级残疾病例和儿童新病例仍未发生变化，这反映出麻风病的早期检测失败，这表明传播显然还在继续。这篇综述探讨了消除疾病的挑战，并提出了减轻疾病负担的进一步措施，包括未来的研究可能性。

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