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Roles for Rho/ROCK and Vinculin in Parietal Endoderm Migration

机译：Rho / ROCK和Vinculin在顶叶内胚层迁移中的作用

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The first cell migration event in the mouse embryo is the movement of parietal endoderm cells from the surface of the inner cell mass facing the blastocoel cavity to line the inner surface of the trophectoderm. F9 embryoid bodies provide an in vitro model for this event. They have an inner core of undifferentiated stem cells surrounded by an outer visceral endoderm layer. When plated on a laminin coated substrate, visceral endoderm transitions to parietal endoderm and migrates onto the dish, away from the attached embryoid body. We now show that this outgrowth contains abundant focal complexes and focal adhesions, as well as lamellipodia and filopodia. Treatment with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 promotes a 2-fold increase in outgrowth, and a transition from focal adhesions and associated stress fibers, to focal complexes and a decrease in stress fibers. ROCK inhibition also leads to an increase in lamellipodia. Inhibition of RhoA by transfection of a vector encoding C3 transferase, direct administration of the C3 enzyme, or transfection of a vector encoding p190 Rho GTPase Activating Protein also promotes outgrowth and an apparent transition from focal adhesions to focal complexes. Parietal endoderm outgrowth generated using vinculin-deficient F9 stem cells migrates 2-fold further than wild type cultures, but this outgrowth retains the morphology of wild type parietal endoderm, including focal adhesions and stress fibers. Addition of Y-27632 to vinculin-null outgrowth cultures further stimulates migration an additional 2-fold, supporting the conclusion that Rho/ROCK and vinculin regulate parietal endoderm outgrowth by distinct pathways.
机译：小鼠胚胎中的第一个细胞迁移事件是壁上内胚层细胞从面向囊胚腔的内部细胞团表面移到滋养外胚层的内表面。 F9胚状体为该事件提供了体外模型。它们具有未分化干细胞的内芯，被内脏内胚层外层包围。当铺在层粘连蛋白包被的基质上时，内脏内胚层过渡到顶叶内胚层并迁移到培养皿上，远离附着的胚状体。现在，我们显示该结果包含丰富的病灶复合体和病灶粘连，以及lamellipodia和filopodia。使用ROCK抑制剂Y-27632进行处理可促进生长增长2倍，并从粘着和相关的应力纤维过渡到粘着复合物，应力纤维减少。 ROCK抑制还导致片状脂蛋白增多。通过转染编码C3转移酶的载体，直接施用C3酶或转染编码p190 Rho GTPase活化蛋白的载体来抑制RhoA，也会促进生长，并从粘着斑向粘着斑明显过渡。使用缺乏蛋白菌素的F9干细胞产生的顶壁内膜生长比野生型培养物迁移2倍，但是这种生长保留了野生型顶壁内膜的形态，包括粘着斑和应力纤维。将Y-27632添加到无蛋白素的生长产物中可进一步刺激迁移2倍，从而支持Rho / ROCK和蛋白醇通过不同途径调节顶叶内胚层生长的结论。

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