The present inventors have discovered a group of cells (named "very early cells of gastric cancer") that begin to appear at a stage of low-grade dysplasia of the stomach, that have specific molecular characteristics, and that have a high risk of carcinogenesis, which may be used as a marker for the very early diagnosis of gastric cancer. Molecular markers of very early cells of gastric cancer are applied to the preparation of kits for achieving the early diagnosis of gastric cancer or other digestive system tumors on the basis of gastric tissue or blood samples. The very early cell markers of gastric cancer may also distinguish the risk of recurrence of gastric cancer after surgery, and the risk of tumors in the intestines, pancreas, esophagus and other digestive system organs. In addition, the present inventors have further discovered a group of cells that appear early in gastric precancerous lesions and that have specific molecular characteristics, which may be used as a marker for the early diagnosis of gastric precancerous lesions and which may also be integrated into a kit. The present invention may be used for the early clinical diagnosis of the occurrence of gastric cancer and other digestive tract tumors, and may also be used as an intervention target for the prevention and treatment of the described digestive tract tumors, and has good application prospects.
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