Pb

摘要： 模拟Pb、Cd污染土壤,加入自制的固化剂,进行了毒性浸出试验。试验结果表明,加入质量分数为4%的固化剂后,对于铅为2500 mg/kg,镉为50 mg/kg污染土壤,铅的浸出质量浓度是4.47 mg/L,镉的浸出质量浓度是1.05 mg/L,满足固体废物浸出液中危害成分浓度限值要求。浸出液中的Pb、Cd浸出浓度比模拟污染土样品分别降低85.6%,53.1%,说明Pb、Cd污染土壤添加固化剂做固化稳定处理,是一种较好的方法。

摘要： 在华南西部的右江河谷地区按照10 km×3 km的网度采集71个浅层土壤样品,分析测试样品中Cd和Pb的含量,应用累积频率法和分形分析方法分析计算其环境地球化学基线值,以此为评价标准对本地区浅层土壤的Cd、Pb污染进行评价。结果表明:2种分析计算方法所得到的环境地球化学基线值相差不大,其中Cd的基线上限相差10.3%,基线值相差9.4%,Pb的基线上限相差3.6%,基线值相差6.7%,说明2种方法的计算结果都合理,本文取2种方法的算术平均值作为其环境地球化学基线值,即Pb为25.44 mg/kg,Cd为0.304 mg/kg。Cd的单因子污染评价结果显示轻度污染占67.61%、中度污染占23.94%、重度污染占5.63%,Pb的单因子污染评价显示轻度污染占53.52%、中度污染占25.35%、重度污染占11.27%;内梅罗综合污染评价显示轻度污染占52.11%、中度污染占33.88%、重度污染占8.45%,显示出本区以轻度污染为主,中度污染次之,少数地区达到了重度污染,且中、重度污染区主要分布在研究区东南部和西北部,在中西部地区有一个中度污染点。大多数样品Cd和Pb的地累积指数小于1,说明本区Cd和Pb的累积效应不很明显,但在研究区的东南部Cd和Pb的地累积指数以及中北部Pb的地累积指数达到了中度污染水平。这些均说明研究区以东铝土资源开发和研究区中部火电厂的生产活动对该区Cd、Pb污染有较大的影响。

摘要： 文章研究了焚烧尾气洗涤塔废水对降低的飞灰水洗液硬度的可行性研究,探讨了两者不同比例对水洗液硬度的影响。研究结果表明,不考虑单效蒸发能力情况下,洗涤塔水与水洗液比越高,除硬效果越好,达到5∶1后,硬度可以降至单效蒸发进水要求;另外,探究了初始pH对飞灰水洗液(蒸发液)铅浓度影响,研究表明,初始pH对蒸发液中铅浓度影响较大,初始pH值6~11时,蒸馏液中的铅基本为0。

摘要： 以烟杆炭(Y)和竹炭(Z)及磷改性烟杆炭(PY)和磷改性竹炭(PZ)作为修复材料,通过室内培养试验研究不同生物炭施用量(质量分数分别为1%、3%和5%)对矿区附近农田重金属复合污染土壤pH,有效磷,水溶态Pb、Zn及其赋存形态转化的影响,并通过毒性淋溶提取法(TCLP法)对4种钝化材料的钝化效果及环境风险进行评价。结果表明,(1)施用生物炭可明显提高土壤pH和有效磷含量,与CK相比,土壤pH增加了0.01—0.30个单位,土壤有效磷含量增加了6.4%—72.9%。(2)土壤水溶态Pb和Zn含量随生物炭施用量的增加而降低,与CK相比,培养结束后生物炭和磷改性生物炭处理土壤水溶态Pb和Zn分别降低了17.5%—92.6%和15.2%—76.8%,其中PY5处理效果最显著。(3)与CK相比,随着生物炭施用的增加,土壤弱酸态和可还原态Pb、Zn含量显著降低,而可氧化态和残渣态Pb、Zn所占比例则明显增加。(4)培养结束后,PY_(5)(添加量为5%的PY处理)土壤TCLP提取态Pb、Zn浓度降至最低,分别为14.53、21.88 mg·L^(−1)。(5)相关分析表明,土壤pH、有效磷含量与重金属形态显著相关。综上所述,生物炭及磷改性生物炭促进土壤重金属形态向残渣态转化,降低了土壤重金属的有效性,磷改性生物炭钝化效果优于未改性生物炭。

摘要： 采用BCR法、Tessier法和Dold法对土壤和尾砂中Pb的赋存形态进行对比分析。结果表明,土壤中Pb的主要赋存形态是可还原态和残渣态。尾砂中Pb的形态主要是原生硫化物态和残渣态。三种方法提取的土壤有效态Pb结果较一致,其百分比含量均为50%左右,可迁移性较强。三种方法的回收率都大于90%。BCR法和Tessier法都适合土壤Pb形态分析,前者回收率略高于后者,但是都不适用于尾砂中Pb的形态分析,而BCR法回收率略高于Tessier法。Dold法既适用于土壤,也适用于尾砂中Pb的形态分析,但是Dold法操作步骤较为繁琐,耗时也较长。

摘要： 为明确园林废弃物堆肥(GWC)对重金属污染土壤的修复效果,通过小白菜盆栽试验,向铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)污染土壤中分别按0(CK)、1%、3%、5%的施用量添加GWC和泥炭,研究不同单一/混合处理对土壤酶活性,Pb、Cd在土壤孔隙水中浓度和在土壤中赋存形态的影响,并探究小白菜地上部和根部Pb、Cd积累转运的关系。结果表明:各处理3%和5%的施用量显著提高了土壤酶活性,5%泥炭对提高脱氢酶和过氧化氢酶活性更显著,5%GWC对提高脲酶和磷酸酶活性更显著。土壤孔隙水Pb浓度在第1~7 d时随不同处理的施用量增多而降低;5%GWC及5%混施处理在第1 d时的Pb浓度与CK相比分别降低了78%和56%。不同处理中孔隙水Cd浓度在第1 d时均高于CK,其中5%GWC相比CK增加了70%;泥炭处理中Cd浓度随时间延长呈现先上升后下降的趋势。3%和5%处理下土壤酸溶态Pb、Cd显著减少,残渣态显著增加,植株地上部和根部Cd含量显著下降,富集系数和转运系数也相应降低,其中5%混合施用效果最显著。Pb含量在3%和5%GWC施用下显著上升。研究表明,单一、混合施用GWC及泥炭对土壤中Pb、Cd有显著的钝化效果,且泥炭对于降低植物体重金属积累的效果好于GWC。

摘要： 为开发蚓粪、贻贝壳资源化利用新途径,防范蔬菜地重金属污染风险,将蚓粪与贻贝壳粉和贻贝壳改性物按9∶1比例混合分别制得蚓粪基复合肥(vermicompost-based mussel powder fertilizer,VS;vermicompost-based mussel shell modifier fertilizer,VSC),进一步研究蚓粪及其复合肥施用对苋菜生长、铅(Pb)含量及富集、形态转化特征的影响,结果表明:蚓粪及其复合肥(VS、VSC)施用均可有效促进苋菜生长并降低苋菜茎叶Pb含量,且以VS、VSC处理效果较优;施用蚓粪基复合肥(VS、VSC)可有效降低土壤有效态Pb含量和生物有效性系数;形态分级研究表明,蚓粪基复合肥(VS、VSC)施用可增加土壤Pb有机结合态,降低土壤铅交换态占比.因此,以蚓粪及贝壳资源制备复合肥用于修复Pb污染土壤切实可行.

摘要： 为探究给水厂残泥免烧陶粒(UCWTR)作吸附剂应用于多元重金属复杂废水治理的可行性,本研究采用静态吸附实验,分析重金属Pb、Cd在UCWTR上的竞争吸附特性,以及影响重金属吸附的主要因素.结果显示:UCWTR表面颗粒呈规则的柱状体结构,裂隙多、比表面积大,有效提高了其吸附能力.陶粒在内部-OH、Al-OH和Fe-O活性基团及C-S-H凝胶作用与重金属Pb、Cd发生反应.Pb、Cd竞争吸附过程中,UCWTR对Pb、Cd的最大吸附量分别为0.36 mmol·g^(-1)和0.25 mmol·g^(-1),其吸附过程与准二级动力学模型拟合较优(R^(2)_(Cd)=0.963、R^(2)_(Pb)=0.987).Cd可有效促进UCWTR对Pb的吸附,且在一定浓度范围内溶液中Cd浓度越高,这种促进作用越强;较高浓度的Pb对UCWTR吸附Cd产生明显的抑制作用.Langmuir模型和Freundlich模型能分别更好的描述Pb、Cd在UCWTR上的竞争吸附过程.升高pH有利于促进UCWTR吸附Pb、Cd;增加初始投加量会抑制UCWTR对Pb、Cd的单位吸附量.Pb、Cd在UCWTR上的赋存形态以酸提取态占比最高.与单一吸附相比,竞争吸附Pb、Cd赋存形态中酸提取态占比下降、还原态和残渣态占比增加,重金属稳定性增加.

摘要： 为明确不同磷效率小麦品种对铅(Pb)胁迫的响应机制,以前期筛选的磷转运效率不同的小麦品种为材料,通过营养液培养法,综合分析了不同磷效率小麦品种在不同Pb处理(0、0.05、0.10、0.50、1.00、2.50、5.00 mmol·L^(-1))下,根系形态、光合色素含量、Pb与磷的吸收和转运,以及抗氧化系统的相互关系。结果表明:<0.10 mmol·L^(-1) Pb处理显著增加了小麦幼苗的生物量、根长、表面积、根尖数、光合色素以及可溶性蛋白含量(P<0.05);≥0.50 mmol·L^(-1) Pb处理显著降低了根长、表面积、根尖数、光合色素和可溶性蛋白含量,增加了根系直径、抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性、MDA含量。小麦地上部和根系的Pb含量均随着Pb浓度的升高而增加,其中,磷低效品种的根系Pb含量是磷高效品种的2.04倍,磷高效品种地上部Pb含量却是磷低效品种的2.48倍。相关性分析表明,根系和地上部Pb含量与根长、表面积、根尖数、根系可溶性蛋白和细胞膜透性均呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与根系直径和根系抗氧化酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性均呈极显著正相关,说明Pb胁迫下不同磷效率小麦通过降低根长、表面积、根尖数等减少了对Pb的吸收和转运,同时通过增加根系直径及抗氧化物酶活性来抵御外界Pb的胁迫。另外,磷低效品种根系对Pb吸收量大,但转运量小;而磷高效品种对Pb吸收量少,但转运量大。与磷低效品种相比,磷高效品种的根系直径更大,磷转运效率更高,对Pb胁迫表现出更强的耐性。

摘要： 为了提升石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定土壤样品中Cd和Pb的准确度和测定效率,对样品前处理和仪器测定条件进行优化选择,确定了低温电热板消解样品时,硝酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸的三酸比例和复溶方式以及采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定Cd和Pb时的升温程序、样品和基体改进剂加入量等条件。应用选定的分析方法对土壤标准物质GBW07403、GBW07449水系沉积物GBW07309进行6次测定,测定值Cd的相对标准偏差RSD为2.5%~4.1%,相对误差RE为-2.31%~1.67%,测定值Pb的相对标准偏差RSD为1.4%~2.0%,相对误差RE为-1.16%~1.12%。此方法精密度和准确度均达到标准要求,是一种准确而快速的检测方法,适合大批量的环境样品检测。

摘要： 本系统是利用powerbuilder开发的—套应用程序，powerbuilder(以下简称pb)具有强大的建立与连接数据库的功能，在pb的开发环境中，可以进行几乎全部的数据库操作，运用pb结合生产实际，通过程序开发来实现轮胎生产过程中生产计划的下达、原材料消耗的计算与控制、以及产量产值的统计，使研发与生产快速有效的结合起来，从而大大提高工作效率，增强了企业的管理水平与竞争力。

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of fungus, of citric acid, or of acombination of both, in the phytoremediation of a heavy metal contaminated soil, affected by Cd and Pb. Sixenzyme activities (namely dehydrogenase, phosphatase, urease, catalase, sucrase and amylase) in soil weredetermined in this study. Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) was taken to express therelationship between all remediation methods and soil enzyme activities in the ordination diagram to assessthe remediation effect in soil health degree. Results showed that soil enzyme activities were graduallyinhibited with increasing heavy metal concentration. In the samples without any remediation, single Pbpollution showed smaller influence on inhibition of soil enzyme activity than single Cd pollution, while Cdand Pb combined pollution showed similar changing tendency with single Cd pollution. As shown in theordination graph by DCCA, All soil enzymes variables showed big change at first axis. In a certain extent, Cdand Pb complex variables could reflect the soil enzymes activities change law at first axis due to their biggerprojections at first axis. The ordination diagrams also expressed the relationship between all remediationmethod variables and soil enzyme activity variables by their distance and position. Most of remediationmethods had positive effects on enhancing soil enzyme activities, except on sucrase activity. The soil enzymeactivities of hyperaccumulator treated with fungus were similar to that of treated with citric acid. Allremediation methods had significant positive effects on enhancing dehydrogenase, urease and catalaseactivities, whereas phosphatase and amylase activities were reduced at low heavy metal concentration andincreased at high concentration as a result of remediation in soil. All remediation methods showed negativeeffects on sucrase activity.

摘要： 能源计量工作的关键在于对能源计量器具的管理.计量器具是产生数据的源泉,计量数据的应用是正确分析企业节能减排的重要环节.基于PB的能源计量信息管理系统能够对能源计量器具、计量数据建立有效的数据库,并能实施动态跟踪管理,把能源的生产、消耗情况及时反馈给有关部门,为生产决策提供依据,使能源的调度更加及时合理,为减少能源消耗、降低成本奠定了基础;此软件的使用能够提高工作效率,保障了计量数据的有效性、持久性.

摘要： 能源计量工作的关键在于对能源计量器具的管理.计量器具是产生数据的源泉,计量数据的应用是正确分析企业节能减排的重要环节.基于PB的能源计量信息管理系统能够对能源计量器具、计量数据建立有效的数据库,并能实施动态跟踪管理,把能源的生产、消耗情况及时反馈给有关部门,为生产决策提供依据,使能源的调度更加及时合理,为减少能源消耗、降低成本奠定了基础;此软件的使用能够提高工作效率,保障了计量数据的有效性、持久性.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种利用谷氨酰胺处理抑制植物对重金属Pb吸收减轻蔬菜重金属污染并且降低Pb对蔬菜损伤及生长抑制的应用及方法。本发明利用谷氨酰胺处理抑制植物对土壤中Pb吸收，通过对不同Pb污染土壤中生长的小白菜等蔬菜施用10 mmol/L谷氨酰胺，可以有效抑制小白菜对土壤Pb的吸收，降低Pb在小白菜根及茎叶中积累，减轻小白菜Pb污染。

摘要： 本发明公开了一株嗜热的Pb成矿菌株Thermus thermophilus FAFU013，保藏号：CGMCC No.14654。本发明提供的嗜热Pb成矿菌FAFU013能够诱导Pb(II)转化成最稳定难容的磷氯铅矿[Pb5(PO4)3Cl，Ksp＝10‑84.4]，不但能够有效的钝化污泥中的重金属铅，降低Pb(II)的生物可利用性，而且最大限度的利用了污泥原有的营养物质。此外，本发明提供的Pb成矿菌FAFU013还能够利用污泥中的营养物质，在70～80°C进行生长和繁殖，热稳定性好，代谢活性不受高温堆肥温度的抑制，有利于提高和维持高温堆肥堆体的温度，促进有机物降解和病原微生物的杀灭，缩短发酵周期。

摘要： 本发明提供的基于智能凝胶的Pb2+微流控检测芯片，包括基板、凝胶片、检测毛细管、支撑毛细管、进样头、出样头和支撑杆，所述凝胶片的材料为聚N‑异丙基丙烯酰胺‑共聚‑苯并‑18‑冠6，凝胶片垂直于检测毛细管的轴线设置在检测毛细管中，该凝胶片能选择性地络合Pb2+并发生体积溶胀；所述检测毛细管固定在基板上，进样头、出样头分别固定在检测毛细管两端的基板上并与检测毛细管连通，支撑毛细管位于出样头一侧且与检测毛细管同轴线固定在基板上，支撑杆穿过支撑毛细管的内孔插入检测毛细管中，它的一端与凝胶片接触，另一端固定在基板上。本发明还提供了水样中Pb2+的检测方法，该方法能降低水样中Pb2+的检测成本。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种锌电积用Pb/Pb‑Mn阳极及其制备方法。该阳极由Pb基体和Pb‑Mn合金镀层组成。该阳极制备方法为：第一步，将PbO和MnO2溶解在由摩尔比为1:2的氯化胆碱:尿素组成的低共熔溶剂中；第二步，以上述溶液为电解液，采用恒流极化方法，在Pb基体上电沉积Pb‑Mn合金层。当该阳极应用于锌电积过程中，镀层中Pb和Mn均会氧化，形成由PbO2、PbSO4和MnO2组成的氧化膜层。本发明提出的Pb/Pb‑Mn阳极服役过程生成的氧化膜层组成均匀、结构致密，稳定性高。得益于此，Pb/Pb‑Mn阳极的服役寿命长于传统铅合金阳极。

摘要： 本发明涉及C08L67/02领域，尤其涉及一种高生物降解速率的PBS的合成方法及PBS和应用，包括如下步骤：(1)惰性气体保护下，将丁二酸、丁二醇和第三共聚单体投入反应釜，在常压低温下反应后减压继续反应，得预聚物；(2)在预聚物加入助剂，升温降压后缩聚，得产物PBS。本方法合成的共聚PBS较现有技术具有更高的降解速率，作为一次性包装材料的使用时，可极大地加快包装材料的自然降解，实现快速、安全、绿色的环保包装，很大程度上减少因处理一次性包装材料而造成的人力物力的损耗。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种高吸附Pb2+的复合混凝土、检测该混凝土Pb2+浓度的装置及检测方法，属于混凝土加工领域。本发明提出了一种新的复合型混凝土，通过在普通混凝土中添加高吸附Pb2+的透水混凝土，再通过在普通混凝土中对透水混凝土不同位置的设置，在保持混凝土良好的力学性能和渗透性能的同时，得到了对Pb2+高吸附能力的复合混凝土；通过检测装置实时检测透水混凝土滤液中Pb2+含量，减少检测步骤，大大加快检测速度。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种基于金属Pb负极的钠离子电池的制备方法及金属Pb回收方法，制备方法为：a、将Pb粉和导电剂混合，经研磨后均匀分散于溶有粘结剂的凝胶中，制得粘稠状的负极浆料，将所述负极浆料均匀涂抹于集流体上，经真空干燥处理后，制得负极电极片；b、将醚类有机溶剂和钠盐混合制成醚类电解液；c、将制备的负极电极片、醚类电解液与正极电极片或对电极组装成钠离子电池。本发明的Pb粉可以直接利用废旧铅酸电池回收的微米级铅，工艺简单、易操作、成本低；该体系钠离子电池具有较高的能量和功率密度。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种用于PB管的阻氧材料和制备方法及阻氧PB管，所述阻氧材料的制备方法包括以下步骤：(1)将纳米氧化铝和表面改性溶液按照重量比(85～95)：(5～15)混匀，得到表面改性纳米氧化铝，所述表面改性溶液包括丙酮和乙烯基三(2‑甲氧基乙氧基)硅烷；(2)将聚丁烯、步骤(1)得到的表面改性纳米氧化铝和润滑剂混合后在130～180°C下挤出得到所述用于PB管的阻氧材料，所述聚丁烯和步骤(1)得到的表面改性纳米氧化铝的重量比为(50～35):(40～25)。本发明的用于PB管的阻氧材料可以添加至PB管中，使得PB管内部在微观上形成致密的阻氧结构，从而有效的阻止氧气的渗透；本发明PB管同时具有良好的机械性能和阻氧性能。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种碘离子配体PbS纳米晶的制备方法及碘离子配体PbS纳米晶墨水、太阳能电池。本发明以碘化铅与N,N‑二苯基硫脲为前驱体，N，N‑二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂，在丁胺的作用下，一步直接合成碘离子配体钝化的PbS纳米晶，简化了制备的工艺流程，降低了纳米晶的合成制备以及器件制备成本。本发明提供的碘离子配体PbS纳米晶，可溶解于N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺等溶剂中，得到纳米晶吸收峰在850～1100纳米范围内可调的碘离子配体PbS纳米晶墨水；同时，将本发明提供的碘离子配体钝化的PbS纳米晶的N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺溶液用于制备太阳能电池，可获得与溶液相配体交换相媲美的器件性能。

摘要： 本发明公开了一株嗜热的Pb成矿菌株Thermus thermophilus FAFU013，保藏号：CGMCC No.14654。本发明提供的嗜热Pb成矿菌FAFU013能够诱导Pb(II)转化成最稳定难容的磷氯铅矿[Pb5(PO4)3Cl，Ksp＝10‑84.4]，不但能够有效的钝化污泥中的重金属铅，降低Pb(II)的生物可利用性，而且最大限度的利用了污泥原有的营养物质。此外，本发明提供的Pb成矿菌FAFU013还能够利用污泥中的营养物质，在70～80°C进行生长和繁殖，热稳定性好，代谢活性不受高温堆肥温度的抑制，有利于提高和维持高温堆肥堆体的温度，促进有机物降解和病原微生物的杀灭，缩短发酵周期。