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首页> 外文会议>第四届国际板栗大会（Proceedings of Fourth International Chestnut Symposium) >The Presence of Mycotoxins after Ninety Days of Storage in Fresh Chestnuts
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The Presence of Mycotoxins after Ninety Days of Storage in Fresh Chestnuts

机译：新鲜栗子储存90天后真菌毒素的存在

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A preliminary study in 2006 demonstrated that chestnut kernels from the Japanese×European cultivar 'Colossal' stored fresh (4℃) for more than 120 days could accumulate mycotoxins. In 2007, chestnuts from two traditional cultivars, 'Colossal' (Castanea sativa×C. crenata), and 'Eaton' (C. Mollissima×C. crenata), and a Chinese selection (C. mollissima) called 'Ever-Fresh' were harvested and stored at 4℃ in a produce cooler. After zero, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days of storage, the chestnuts were assayed for the presence of three mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin and zearalenone, by competitive direct ELISA (Acumedia; Neogen Corp., Lansing, MI, USA) Five, healthy 350 g kernel samples of each cultivar were processed to extract the mycotoxins as specified by the manufacturer. Average concentration for each mycotoxin was recorded for each sample. For 'Colossal', 0.36 ppm, 64.92 ppb and 427.00 ppb, were found for deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin and zearalenone, respectively. For 'Eaton' 0.32 ppm, 13.02 ppb, and 388.34 ppb were found for deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin and zearalenone, respectively. For 'EverFresh', 0.10 ppm, 4.28 ppb and 245.02 ppb were found for deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin and zearalenone, respectively. Mycotoxins were found in fresh chestnuts and increased each month after storage. However, each chestnut cultivar and selection had differing concentrations of mycotoxins and 'Colossal' showed the largest increase after 120 days. Before 90 days, mycotoxins concentrations never exceeded federal maximum tolerance or recommendation levels; however after 90 days 'Colossal' exceeded federal tolerance levels for deoxynivalenol and zearalenone. The Michigan selection known as 'Ever-Fresh' accumulated significantly (p<0.05) lower concentrations of mycotoxins when compared to mycotoxins present in 'Eaton' and 'Colossal'.
机译：2006年的一项初步研究表明，日本×欧洲品种'Colossal'的栗子仁在新鲜（4℃）下储存120天以上可以积聚霉菌毒素。 2007年，来自两个传统品种的栗子（“巨大”（Castanea sativa×C。crenata）和“伊顿”（C. Mollissima×C。crenata），以及一个中国品种（C. mollissima）的“ Ever-Fresh”将其收获并在4℃的温度下储存在产品冷却器中。在零，30、60、90和120天的储存后，通过竞争性直接ELISA（Acumedia； Neogen Corp.，兰辛，密西根州，美国），分析了栗子中三种霉菌毒素，脱氧雪腐酚，曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮的存在。五，按照制造商的规定，对每个品种的健康350克果仁样品进行处理，以提取真菌毒素。记录每个样品的每种霉菌毒素的平均浓度。对于“巨大”，脱氧雪茄烯醇、,曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮的含量分别为0.36 ppm，64.92 ppb和427.00 ppb。对于“伊顿”，脱氧雪腐烯醇，曲毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮的含量分别为0.32 ppm，13.02 ppb和388.34 ppb。对于“ EverFresh”，脱氧雪茄烯醇，曲霉毒素和玉米赤霉烯酮的含量分别为0.10 ppm，4.28 ppb和245.02 ppb。霉菌毒素存在于新鲜的栗子中，并在储存后每月增加。然而，每种栗子品种和选择具有不同的霉菌毒素浓度，“巨大”在120天后显示出最大的增加。在90天之前，霉菌毒素的浓度从未超过联邦的最大耐受量或推荐水平；但是90天后，“巨大”对脱氧雪腐烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮的耐受性超过了联邦的允许水平。与“伊顿”和“巨大”中存在的霉菌毒素相比，被称为“ Ever-Fresh”的密歇根州选择积聚了较低的霉菌毒素浓度（p <0.05）。

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