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首页> 外文学位 >Grounding fictions: Systematic skepticism and critical doubt, 1792--1807.
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Grounding fictions: Systematic skepticism and critical doubt, 1792--1807.

机译：虚构的小说：系统性的怀疑和批判性怀疑，1792--1807年。

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摘要

This dissertation analyzes the turn to skepticism at the advent of German Idealism and Early Romanticism. Although the epochal fixation on skepticism predictably appeals to a negative epistemology that draws a closed circle around the subjective mind, skepticism also serves as the basis for an interventionist critique that destabilizes the predominant drive toward foundationalism in philosophy. The dissertation argues that this dual deployment informs both a fundamental reassessment of the philosophic system and the formation of new models of subjectivity, imagination and fiction. This first part begins with the "skepticism debate" that occurs between Schulze, Maimon and Fichte in the wake of Reinhold's project to systematize the critical philosophy. Schulze's initial critique in his Aenesidemus exposes Reinhold's system as a self-contained, "groundless" fiction that undermines its own internal coherence by extending beyond its preestablished limits in the moment it tries to ground itself in an external, extra-systemic reality. Accepting this skeptical critique of Reinhold, but not abandoning his project to establish philosophy as a system, Fichte and Maimon employ different forms of mitigated skepticism that reinvest notions of fictionality and groundlessness with a positive, operative function in philosophy. The second part of the dissertation accounts for the simultaneous rise in skeptical concerns in the literature of the period. Here, skepticism becomes a stance adopted in the face of a radical epistemic shift. As the models of systematic unity offered by Enlightenment metaphysics break down, exposing both their own coercive tendencies and possible fictional status, authors begin to explore the subjectivist possibilities of a self-determining skeptical position. Focusing on Tieck's early prose, the dissertation explores the transfer of a skeptical stance from a strictly philosophical question to a more general reflection on the conditions of perception, language and social interaction. The dissertation concludes by examining the parallels between skepticism and satire in Jean Paul's parasitical method of embodied critique. While a fundamentally skeptical assessment of the fictional, ungrounded status of all scientific systems permeates many of his works, with his Clavis Fichtiana Jean Paul turns the skeptical method on a skeptical epistemological structure undermining the possibility of an absolutely self-creative subjectivity. As authors from both the philosophical and literary side explore the possible notions of the subject that take skepticism as a fundamental human condition, what emerges is an inwardly directed critique that throws the subject---that which is traditionally excluded from doubt---into a state of radical instability.
机译：本文分析了德国唯心主义和早期浪漫主义的到来对怀疑主义的转向。尽管人们对怀疑论的时空注定可以吸引消极认识论，从而在主观思维周围画出一个封闭的圆圈，但怀疑论还是作为干预主义批评的基础，这种批评破坏了对哲学基础主义的主要推动力。论文认为，这种双重部署既可以对哲学体系进行根本性的重新评估，也可以形成主观性，想象力和小说新模式的形成。第一部分以赖因霍尔德将批判哲学系统化的计划为背景，在舒尔茨，迈蒙和菲希特之间进行的“怀疑论辩论”开始。舒尔茨在《埃涅塞姆斯》中的最初批判将莱因霍尔德的体系暴露为一种独立的，“毫无根据的”小说，在试图将自己置于外部的，系统外的现实中时，它超越了既定的界限而破坏了自己的内部连贯性。 Fichte和Maimon接受了对Reinhold的这种怀疑的批判，但没有放弃他建立哲学作为系统的计划，而是采用了不同形式的缓解怀疑主义，将虚构性和毫无根据的概念重新投入到哲学的积极，可操作的功能中。论文的第二部分解释了该时期文献中的疑虑。在这里，怀疑主义成为面对根本的认知转变所采取的立场。随着启蒙形而上学提供的系统统一模型崩溃，暴露了他们自己的强制性倾向和可能的虚构身份，作者开始探索主观主义可能自我决定怀疑立场。本文着眼于蒂克的早期散文，探讨了将怀疑的立场从严格的哲学问题转移到对观念，语言和社会交往条件的更普遍的反思。本文的结论是通过考察让·保罗（Jean Paul）的寄生批判性批评方法中的怀疑与讽刺之间的相似之处。尽管对所有科学系统的虚构，无根据的状态都进行了根本性的怀疑评估，但是他的Clavis Fichtiana让·保罗却将怀疑论方法转向了一种怀疑主义的认识论结构，从而破坏了绝对自我创造的主观性的可能性。当哲学和文学方面的作者探索以怀疑论为基本人类状况的主题的可能概念时，出现的是一种向内定向的批评，该批评将主题-传统上是毫无疑问的-抛入了现实。根本不稳定的状态。

著录项

  • 作者

    House, Michael Kirkwood.;

  • 作者单位

    Princeton University.;

  • 授予单位 Princeton University.;
  • 学科 Literature Germanic.;Philosophy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 232 p.
  • 总页数 232
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 哲学理论;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:28

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