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'Diametrically [un]opposed': More's 'Utopia' and English labor policies.

机译:“完全反对”:摩尔的“乌托邦”和英国的劳工政策。

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摘要

This thesis argues that Thomas More's Utopia (1516) critiques measures that England took to manage the mobile poor during the late medieval and early modern periods. Facing perceived and actual threats of vagrancy and idleness, England implemented policies between the fourteenth and seventeenth centuries that closely monitored, labeled, and restricted the movement of poor bodies. Examining parallels between English labor laws and Utopian practices reveals an ideology in both nations that values economic stability over individual freedom and desire. I first consider the dehumanizing effects of physically labeling mobile bodies through methods such as badging, branding, and public corporal punishment. Second, I discuss the ways in which surveillance arrangements transform charity and community from models of cooperation to ones of discipline. Finally, I argue that labor patterns in Utopia construct a lifestyle, characterized by psychological unsettledness and the disruption of families, which resembles that of England's mobile laborers. By linking a problematically "ideal" island with English labor laws, More ultimately exposes England's ethical failure to recognize its citizens as individuals, with legitimate social attachments, who deserve to have control over their own bodies.
机译:本文认为,托马斯·莫尔(Thomas More)的《乌托邦》(Utopia)(1516)批评了英格兰在中世纪后期和现代早期管理流动贫民的措施。面对流浪和无所事事的感知威胁和实际威胁,英格兰在十四至十七世纪之间实施了政策,严密监视,标记和限制穷人的身体活动。考察英国劳动法和乌托邦实践之间的相似之处,可以发现这两个国家的意识形态都重视经济稳定而不是个人自由和欲望。我首先考虑通过徽章,品牌和公共体罚等方法对移动物体进行物理标记的非人性化影响。其次,我讨论了监督安排将慈善和社区从合作模式转变为纪律模式的方式。最后,我认为,乌托邦的劳动模式构成了一种生活方式,其特征是心理上的不安定和家庭的破裂,这类似于英格兰的流动劳工。通过将一个有问题的“理想”岛与英国劳工法联系起来,莫尔最终暴露了英格兰在道德上的失败,即其公民没有合法的社会依附感,应得到对自己身体的控制权。

著录项

  • 作者

    Tucker, Christine E.;

  • 作者单位

    Lehigh University.;

  • 授予单位 Lehigh University.;
  • 学科 History European.;Law.;Literature English.
  • 学位 M.A.
  • 年度 2009
  • 页码 41 p.
  • 总页数 41
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 欧洲史;法律;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:38:24

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