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The Roles of Work-Life Conflict and Gender in the Relationship between Workplace Bullying and Personal Burnout. A Study on Italian School Principals

机译:工作寿命冲突和性别在工作场所欺凌与个人倦怠关系中的作用。意大利学校校长研究

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摘要

The present study sought to investigate the associations between workplace bullying and personal burnout both directly and indirectly via work-life conflict. Furthermore, the moderating role of gender in these relations was examined. Traditional research on stress at work focuses on the role of dimensions related to job tasks, demands, and organizational support in influencing the risks for stress-related problems in employees. At the same time, other experiences at work may reduce employees’ well-being, such as workplace bullying and family life. Specifically, considering the detrimental role of work-life conflict, it is possible to hypothesize that it would exacerbate workplace bullying’s harmful effects on employees’ health. Moreover, since previous studies have reported mixed or inconsistent results when considering gender differences with the above-mentioned dimensions, it seems worth investigating the role of employee gender in representing (and response to) the bullying experiences. Building on these considerations, this work verifies whether: (1) work-life conflict mediates the relationship between workplace bullying and burnout; (2) gender moderates all the possible relationships among the constructs. Such hypotheses are verified on a sample of school principals, in light of their peculiar job role. Overall, our findings showed that: (1) Workplace bullying and burnout are associated, both with and without the perception of a concurring work-life conflict; (2) Gender does not moderate all the possible relationships among workplace bullying, work-life conflict and burnout. Overall, being female heightens the risk to perceive work-life conflict in general, as well as to be burnt out, when bullied, with and without the presence of work-life conflict; being male heightens the risk to perceive work-life conflict when bullied. Furthermore, the current findings suggest that family demands may influence school principals’ feelings of exhaustion regardless of gender. These findings confirm and expand previous literature, especially concerning a less studied occupation, namely school principals, shedding a new light on their work experiences. Furthermore, the present study offers interesting implications for trainings on principal’s skills and professional identity.
机译:本研究试图调查工作场所欺凌和个人倦怠之间的协会直接和间接通过工作寿命冲突。此外,研究了性别在这些关系中的调节作用。关于工作压力的传统研究侧重于与工作任务,需求和组织支持有关的尺寸的作用,影响员工中与压力有关的问题的风险。与此同时,其他工作经验可能会减少员工的福祉,如工作场所欺凌和家庭生活。具体而言,考虑到工作寿命冲突的不利作用,可以假设它会加剧工作场所欺凌对员工健康的有害影响。此外,由于先前的研究报告了在考虑与上述维度的性别差异时,似乎有值得调查员工性别代表欺凌经验的作用(并反应)欺凌经验。在这些考虑因素中,这项工作验证了:(1)工作 - 生活冲突介导工作场所欺凌和倦怠之间的关系; (2)性别调节构建体之间的所有可能的关系。鉴于其特殊的工作作用,在学校校长样本上核实了这些假设。总体而言,我们的调查结果表明:(1)工作场所欺凌和倦怠是关联,无论是对同意工作 - 生活冲突的看法; (2)性别不会缓和工作场所欺凌,工作生活冲突和倦怠之间的所有可能的关系。总体而言,女性提​​高了感知工作生活冲突的风险,以及在欺负时被烧毁,随着工作寿命冲突的情况;男性提高欺凌时的工作生活冲突的风险。此外,目前的调查结果表明,无论性别如何,家庭需求可能影响学校校长的疲惫感。这些调查结果证实并扩大了以前的文学,特别是关于较少的学习职业,即学校校长,对他们的工作经验进行了新的光线。此外,本研究为校长技能和专业身份的培训提供了有趣的影响。

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