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Exploring the Relationship between Teacher Knowledge and Active-Learning Implementation in Large College Biology Courses

机译:探索大型大学生物课程中教师知识与主动学习实施之间的关系

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摘要

Not all instructors implement active-learning strategies in a way that maximizes student outcomes. One potential explanation for variation in active-learning effectiveness is variation in the teaching knowledge an instructor draws upon. Guided by theoretical frameworks of pedagogical content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge, this study investigated the teaching knowledge instructors used in planning, implementing, and reflecting on active-learning lessons in large courses. We used a preinstruction interview, video footage of a target class session, and a postinstruction interview with stimulated recall to elicit the teaching knowledge participants used. We then conducted qualitative content analysis to describe and contrast teaching knowledge employed by instructors implementing active learning that required students to generate their own understandings (i.e., generative instruction) and active learning largely focused on activity and recall (i.e., active instruction). Participants engaging in generative instruction exhibited teaching knowledge distinct from that of participants focused on activity. Those using generative instruction drew on pedagogical knowledge to design lessons focused on students generating reasoning; integrated pedagogical content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge to plan lessons to target student difficulties; and created opportunities to develop new pedagogical content knowledge while teaching. This work generated hypotheses about the teaching knowledge necessary for effective, generative active-learning instruction.
机译:并非所有的讲师都以最大化学生成果的方式实施主动学习策略。主动学习效果变化的一种可能解释是教师汲取的教学知识的变化。在教学内容知识和教学知识的理论框架的指导下,本研究调查了用于计划,实施和反思大型课程中主动学习课程的教学知识教师。我们使用了指导前访谈,目标课程的视频录像以及刺激回忆后的指导后访谈,以激发参与者使用的教学知识。然后,我们进行了定性内容分析,以描述和对比实施主动学习的讲师所使用的教学知识,这些知识要求学生产生自己的理解(即生成式指导),而主动学习则主要侧重于活动和回忆(即主动指导)。参与生成式教学的参与者展示的教学知识不同于专注于活动的参与者。那些使用生成式教学的人吸取了教学方面的知识,设计了针对学生进行推理的课程;整合教学内容知识和教学知识,以计划针对学生困难的课程;并创造了在教学中发展新的教学内容知识的机会。这项工作提出了关于有效,生成性主动学习指导所必需的教学知识的假设。

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