摘要:在生活空间上,个体经常是依照血缘、地缘和业缘关系而被安置在不同的领域.在前现代社会,伦理道德借着风俗、习惯、惯例、禁忌、巫术、政治而实现其自身,因它不是一个公开而充分运用理性的过程,故非反思性和非批判性是它的本质,信念、直观和情感是其存在的基本方式.在现代社会,资本的运行逻辑把人群依照经济依赖性进行安置,基于各自意愿和自利打算而发生的交往日益普遍化和经常化,一个不同于以血缘和地缘关系为纽带的公共交往和公共生活领域正在生成,这是一个不但充分运用理性且追问规则之合理性基础为何的领域.家庭和村社之核心地位的丧失,引发了私人交往和私人生活及其规范体系的危机.%In terms of life space, individuals are usually settled in different spaces according to relationships of blood, geography, and profession. In pre-modern societies, ethics were realized through customs, conventions, taboos, magical practices, and politics. Because this was not an open process in which rationality was sufficiently employed, non-reflectiveness and non-criticality were its essence, and intuitions and feelings were its basic modes of existence. In modern societies, the logic of capital movement settles groups of people according to their economic dependence, and interactions based on individuals' desires and self-serving calculations have become widespread and frequent. A space for public interaction and life in which rationality is sufficiently employed and rational bases of the rules are constantly questioned thus finally came into being. Families and villages lost their centrality, resulting in a crisis of private interactions and life, and of its system of norms.