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形态鉴别

形态鉴别的相关文献在1987年到2022年内共计78篇,主要集中在中国医学、植物学、临床医学 等领域,其中期刊论文71篇、会议论文4篇、专利文献18731篇;相关期刊68种,包括刑事技术、水生生物学报、黑龙江科学等; 相关会议4种,包括第十二次中药鉴定学术会议暨中药资源保护与产业化发展国际学术交流会、2013年中药、天然药物化学成分分析与创新药物研究交流研讨会、中国蚕学会第七届青年学术研讨会等;形态鉴别的相关文献由226位作者贡献,包括刘大伟、刘晓光、刘晨旭等。

形态鉴别—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:71 占比:0.38%

会议论文>

论文:4 占比:0.02%

专利文献>

论文:18731 占比:99.60%

总计:18806篇

形态鉴别—发文趋势图

形态鉴别

-研究学者

  • 刘大伟
  • 刘晓光
  • 刘晨旭
  • 卢玲
  • 图雅
  • 姬璇
  • 孙丽华
  • 崔桂友
  • 李伟
  • 李保卫
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 邓山鹰; 裴雨晴; 张春莹; 谢恒; 蒙强; 马莹
    • 摘要: 目的通过对寄生虫形态学室间质量评价(EQA)结果进行回顾分析,进一步提高临床检验人员发现和识别寄生虫的能力。方法回顾分析2013—2020年四川大学华西医院寄生虫形态学EQA的200份样本回报结果,其中80份来自美国病理家协会(CAP),120份来自中国国家卫生健康委临床检验中心(简称临检中心)。统计回报结果正确率,分析寄生虫(卵)辨认错误的原因,并总结少见和相似寄生虫的形态特征、鉴别要点。结果200份样本中,195份(97.5%)识别结果正确;80份CAP样本中,77份(96.3%)识别正确,3份识别错误,12份未评分;120份临检中心样本中,118份(98.3%)识别正确,2份识别错误。200份样本共涉及30种寄生虫的47种不同生活史形态。相似寄生虫(卵)鉴别包括:阔节裂头绦虫卵、肺吸虫卵、肝片形吸虫卵与姜片虫卵,脱蛋白质膜受精蛔虫卵与退变钩虫卵,钩虫卵与东方毛圆线虫卵,马来微丝蚴与班氏微丝蚴。少见寄生虫卵鉴别包括:微小膜壳绦虫卵与缩小膜壳绦虫卵;粪便中食物残渣与寄生虫卵的鉴别及各种包囊的鉴别。结论通过回顾分析寄生虫形态学EQA资料,并定期进行混合虫卵样本的镜下复习和寄生虫图谱复习,以及少见、相似寄生虫(卵)的形态复习,可提高寄生虫检测质量,提升检验人员寄生虫形态学检测的能力。
    • 张燕君; 杨路路; 黄若琪; 李彬; 袁芳; 梁琼
    • 摘要: 目的 构建能快速准确鉴别毒品原植物罂粟的形态学指标.方法 本研究收集考察了不同来源的毒品原植物罂粟与其近缘物种,并进行同园栽培实验,通过对毒品原植物罂粟及其近缘物种形态特征的观察与测量,分析可以用于精准、快速鉴别毒品原植物罂粟与其近缘物种的稳定形态特征.结果 筛选出叶形态作为鉴别幼苗期毒品原植物罂粟的形态特征;株高、毛被、叶形态和蒴果形态作为鉴别花果期毒品原植物罂粟的形态特征.结论 形态学是植物分类鉴定的重要依据,该套形态学指标将有力推动毒品原植物罂粟的快速鉴别,有效提升毒品原植物罂粟种植案件的侦破能力.
    • 郑晓文; 邴帅; 刘政; 陈文华; 谭会颖; 徐凌川
    • 摘要: The methods of molecular identification,morphology identification and microscopical identification were used to study the pharmacognosy of Bidens procera L.C.Xu ex X.W.Zheng.By determination of the ITS sequence of DNA,Bidens procera L.C.Xu ex X.W.Zheng was confirmed as Bidens L..And the morphology and the microscopic identification of its stems and leaves were described and recorded in detail.The method established in this study will provide a reference for the identification and development control of Bidens procera L.C.Xu ex X.W.Zheng.%运用分子、植物形态以及显微鉴别的方法对高大鬼针草进行研究.通过测定DNA的ITS序列确定高大鬼针草为鬼针草属,并对其形态学以及茎、叶的显微鉴别特征进行详细描述和记录.该研究建立的方法为高大鬼针草的鉴定以及开发利用提供了参考依据.
    • 叶子卿; 张伟; 左正红; 刘庆翠
    • 摘要: 豆梨(Pyrus calleryana)与棠梨(Pyrus pashia Buch.)同属于蔷薇科梨属,两者亲缘关系相近,形态相似难辨,在生产中容易造成混乱.本文从两者的形态特点、物候特征及相似性进行了比较,并就其生产培育技术进行了阐述,供林业生产与园林应用单位参考.
    • 李振斌
    • 摘要: 针对白头翁药用植物属性,对白头翁、兴安白头翁和朝鲜白头翁3种药用植物及药材进行了相关研究,并且对3种药材的形态进行分类和ITS2序列分子鉴别研究,为研究其分子鉴定方法的建立提供了有力依据.
    • 石志棉; 马晓纯; 姬璇; 杜勤; 王振华
    • 摘要: [目的]对小叶榕(Ficus microcarpa Linn.f.)和印度橡胶榕(Ficus elastica Roxb.ex Hornem.)气生根进行生药学鉴别.[方法]采集小叶榕与印度橡胶榕新鲜的气生根作为样品,采用体视镜进行外观形态鉴别;采用显微镜对气生根根被表面、根尖横切面、根尖后部横纵切面及粉末结构特征进行显微鉴别.[结果]形态鉴别:小叶榕气生根数目多于印度橡胶榕,直径小于印度橡胶榕;小叶榕气生根根尖淡黄色至黄白色,有灰白色或黄白色皮孔,而印度橡胶榕根尖浅黄色或黄色,有棕色的皮孔.显微特征鉴别:小叶榕与印度橡胶榕气生根根尖及根尖后部横切面显微结构可见初生木质部束不同,小叶榕为五至七原型,印度橡胶榕为六至十一原型;二者根部纵切面均可见无节不分枝乳汁管,但印度橡胶榕乳汁管直径略大于小叶榕,大多聚生;小叶榕粉末为红棕色,主要以螺纹导管为主,常见具缘纹孔导管,而印度橡胶榕粉末为黄棕色,纤维颜色较浅,接近无色透明,常有簇晶排列成行,主要以单列小型和大型成片的具缘纹孔导管为主.[结论]研究结果可为小叶榕和印度橡胶榕气生根的药材鉴定及开发利用提供依据.%Objective To compare the pharmacognosy characteristics of aerial roots of Ficus microcarpa Linn.f. and Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem.. Methods Fresh aerial roots were harvested and were used as the experimental samples. Stereoscopy was used for the observation of macroscopic appearance of Ficus microcarpa Linn.f. and Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem.,and the microscope was used for the examination of their microscopic features of the velamen surface, cross section of root tip, cross section and longitudinal section of the posterior root, and powder. Results The appearance characteristics of the two species were as follows:the number of aerial roots of Ficus microcarpa Linn. f. was more,and the diameter was smaller than that of Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. The root tips of Ficus microcarpa Linn. f. aerial roots were light yellow turning to yellow-white, covered with gray or yellowish-white lenticels;the root tips of Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. aerial roots were light yellow or yellow, covered with gray lenticels. Microscopic identification results of the two plants were as follows:the primary xylems of transverse section of root tips and posterior roots of Ficus microcarpa Linn.f. and Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. were different,the former being five to seven heptarch,and the latter being six to eleven heptarch. Both of the two species had non-articulated unbranched laticifers in their longitudinal section of posterior root, and the diameter of Ficus. elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. was slightly larger than that of Ficus microcarpa Linn. f.. The powder of Ficus microcarpa Linn. f. was red brown,with spiral and pitted vessels;Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem. was yellow brown,with single small and large pitted vessels,and the color of its fiber was shallow or nearly colorless or even transparent, with lines of cluster crystal. Conclusion The results will provide evidence for the identification , exploitation and utilization of Ficus microcarpa Linn . f . and Ficus elastica Roxb. ex Hornem.
    • 姬璇; 刘盈燕; 石志棉; 杜勤; 王振华
    • 摘要: Objective To identify the pharmacognosy features of Dichrocephala auriculata(Thunb.)Druce,and to summarize its identification characteristics,so as to lay a foundation for further study and development of the drug. Methods By original plant identification and microscopic identification methods,we observed the features of the whole plant of Dichrocephala auriculata(Thunb.)Druce. Results The morphological characteristics of the original plant showed as follows:the whole aerial part was covered with tomentum;roots belonged to taproot root system;the alternate leaves were long oval-shaped, pinnatipartite, or divided;flowers were small, presented as capitulum, arranging in umbrella-shape, with several outer layers of white flowers and several inner layers of yellow green flowers. Microstructure characteristics showed as follows:root vascular bundle was broad,and pericycle fiber bundles were found outside;stem vascular bundle had 8-25 cyclocytics,pericycle fibers were found outside, and the medulla was broad with myelinated fibers around;the upper and below epidermis of leaves had stomata and non-tentacle, and the main vein vascular of the leaf was collateral with vascula bundles upside and downside;the nonglandular hairs,starch grains,fibers,pollen grains,and tubes were shown in the powder of whole plant. Conclusion The above results are stable and reliable, and can be applied for pharmacognosy identification of Dichrocephala auriculata(Thunb.)Druce.%[目的]对鱼眼草进行生药学鉴别,总结鱼眼草的鉴别特征,为该药的深入研究及开发奠定基础.[方法]采用原植物鉴别、显微鉴别等方法观察鱼眼草的整体植株形态.[结果]原植物形态特征:鱼眼草全身被绒毛;根为直根系;叶互生,叶长卵形、羽状深裂或全裂;花小,成头状花序,头状花序再排成伞房状,外数层白色雌花,内数层黄绿色两性花.显微结构特征:根的维管束宽广,外围可见中柱鞘纤维成束;茎的维管束8~25个环列,外侧可见中柱鞘纤维,髓部宽广,可见环髓纤维;叶的上下表皮均有气孔和非腺毛;叶主脉维管束外韧型,上下两侧均有纤维;粉末中可见非腺毛、淀粉粒、纤维、花粉粒、导管等.[结论]上述的鉴别特征稳定、可靠,可用于鱼眼草生药学的鉴别.
    • 余敏
    • 摘要: 从介绍稻水蝇形态特征及鉴别方法出发,论述了其发生规律、生活习性,介绍了症状及鉴别方法,并详细阐述了防治方法.
    • 张立秋; 于俊林; 姚辉; 石林春; 宋经元
    • 摘要: 目的:本研究对白头翁、朝鲜白头翁、兴安白头翁3种药用植物及药材进行了形态分类和ITS2序列分子鉴别研究,为建立其分子鉴定方法提供有力依据.方法:通过对长白山区白头翁属3种药用植物进行野外实地考察采样,形态分类描述及提取样品总DNA,扩增ITS2序列、双向测序.所得序列经CodonCode Aligner拼接、比对,采用MEGA 6.0软件对样品进行变异位点分析、计算种内和种间遗传距离(K2P)并构建邻接树(NJ).结果:形态鉴别容易区分白头翁与朝鲜白头翁和兴安白头翁,但朝鲜白头翁和兴安白头翁不易区分,ITS2序列片段长度均为219 bp,3种药用植物的药材ITS2序列与其基原植物序列一致,种间变异位点有6个,遗传距离显示物种种内最大K2P距离远远小于种间最小K2P距离,NJ树结果显示,白头翁、朝鲜白头翁、兴安白头翁均可明显区分.结论:ITS2序列能够准确鉴定白头翁属3种药用植物的药材和基原植物,可作为形态鉴别的有力补充.
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