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A Thermal Flow Sensor Based on Printed Circuit Technology in Constant Temperature Mode for Various Fluids

机译：基于印刷电路技术的恒温模式下各种流体的热流量传感器

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摘要

We present a thermal flow sensor designed for measuring air as well as water flow velocities in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. The sensor is designed to integrate the flow along the entire diameter of the pipe also quantifying the volume flow rate of the streaming fluid where the calorimetric principle in constant temperature operation is utilized as a readout method. In the constant temperature mode, a controller keeps a specific excess temperature between sensing elements at a constant level resulting in a flow dependent heater voltage. To achieve cost-effective sensors, the fabrication of the transducer is fully based on printed circuit board technology allowing low-cost mass production with different form factors. In addition, 2D-FEM simulations were carried out in order to predict the sensor characteristic of envisaged setups. The simulation enables a fast and easy way to evaluate the sensor’s behaviour in different fluids. The results of the FEM simulations are compared to measurements in real environments, proving the credibility of the model.
机译：我们提出了一种热流量传感器，旨在测量加热，通风和空调（HVAC）系统中的空气以及水流速。该传感器设计为整合沿管道整个直径的流量，还可以量化流动流体的体积流率，在这种情况下，将恒温操作中的量热原理用作读数方法。在恒温模式下，控制器将传感元件之间的特定过高温度保持在恒定水平，从而产生与流量相关的加热器电压。为了实现具有成本效益的传感器，传感器的制造完全基于印刷电路板技术，从而可以低成本生产具有不同外形尺寸的产品。此外，还进行了2D-FEM仿真，以预测设想设置的传感器特性。通过仿真，可以快速简便地评估传感器在不同流体中的行为。将FEM仿真的结果与实际环境中的测量结果进行比较，证明了该模型的可靠性。

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