摘要：
β-兴奋剂能够降低动物体内脂肪含量,促进蛋白质合成,提高瘦肉率和饲料转化率,常被用作饲料添加剂.但是由于β-兴奋剂会在动物组织内残留,通过动物源食品进入人体内,会引起心悸、头疼、毒害肝肾等严重危害,包括我国在内的大多数国家已禁止畜牧业中应用此类药物.文章就免疫分析法总结介绍其基本原理、研究进展、优缺点、发展趋势,涵盖放射免疫分析、酶免疫分析、化学发光免疫分析、荧光免疫分析、胶体金标记免疫分析、免疫传感器、免疫芯片、流动注射免疫分析、免疫PCR等技术.%The beta-agonists can reduce animals' fat content,promote protein synthesis,improve the ratio of lean muscle and increase feed efficiency.Hence,it is often used as a feed additive.However,because the beta-agonists residues can still remain in animal tissues,it causes heart palpitations,headaches,liver and kidney poisoning and other serious harm to human being.Most countries including China,have banned the use of beta-agonists in animal products.Nowadays,the various detection methods of beta-agonists residues in animal-derived food have been reported.This paper mainly introduces the principles,advantages and disadvantages,the research progress and development trend of immunoassay methods,including radioimmunoassay,enzyme immunoassay,chemiluminescence immunoassay,fluorescent immunoassay,colloidal gold immunoassay,immunosensor,immunochip,flow injection chemiluminescence immunoassay and immuno-PCR.This article provides a reference for the fatrge development.
